HoloCMA：对粗模态气溶胶的全息观测
HoloCMA: A Holographic Eye on Coarse-Mode Aerosols
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中文总结 AI 辅助
HoloCMA结合数字 inline 全息术、数值重建和深度学习，可实时原位测量5.0微米至毫米级粗模态气溶胶的几何尺寸与数浓度，精度较高，适用于大气等监测。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
粗模态气溶胶（CMAs），包括花粉、孢子和灰尘，其原位表征仍然困难，因为常规仪器很少能同时解析粒子的几何形状和数浓度。我们提出了HoloCMA，它结合了数字 inline 全息术、数值重建和深度学习辅助分析，用于粒子分辨测量。其光学系统针对的粒子尺寸约为5.0微米至毫米级。HoloCMA支持最高30.0升/分钟的主动采样，并且通过移除采样模块可转换为开放路径操作。使用NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU和8 GB显存，HoloCMA可实时报告等效圆直径（ECD）和数浓度，在不持续排队的情况下，粒子浓度最高可达11.4粒子/立方厘米。增加计算能力可将实时分析扩展至工作流极限的100.0粒子/立方厘米。我们使用标称直径为4.9-11.8微米的聚苯乙烯乳胶球、氯化钠和硫酸铵晶体以及油酸液滴对HoloCMA进行了评估，并使用空气动力学粒子计数器（APS）进行对比。在12次对比中，HoloCMA与经校正的APS几何平均直径之间的绝对差值范围为小于0.1至1.0微米，平均绝对差值为0.5微米，平均绝对相对差值为8.4%。HoloCMA直接从重建的轮廓测量几何尺寸，而转换APS空气动力学直径需要特定材料的假设。APS与HoloCMA的浓度比通常随粒子尺寸增大而降低，这与APS中尺寸依赖的传输和计数损失一致，尽管无法最终确定原因。因此，HoloCMA可实现连续的CMA测量，结合几何尺寸、数浓度和保留的粒子图像，支持分类以及长期的大气、环境和室内空气监测。
英文摘要
Coarse-mode aerosols (CMAs), including pollen, spores, and dust, remain difficult to characterize in situ because conventional instruments rarely resolve particle geometry and number concentration together. We present HoloCMA, which combines digital inline holography, numerical reconstruction, and deep learning-assisted analysis for particle-resolved measurement. Its optical system targets particles from approximately 5.0 um to the millimeter scale. HoloCMA supports active sampling at up to 30.0 L/min and converts to open-path operation by removing the sampling module. With an NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070 Laptop GPU and 8 GB VRAM, HoloCMA reports equivalent circular diameter (ECD) and number concentration in real time without sustained queue buildup up to 11.4 particles/cm3. Additional computing could extend real-time analysis to the workflow limit of 100.0 particles/cm3. We evaluated HoloCMA using polystyrene latex spheres, sodium chloride and ammonium sulfate crystals, and oleic acid droplets with nominal diameters of 4.9-11.8 um, with an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS) for comparison. Across 12 comparisons, absolute differences between HoloCMA and corrected APS geometric-mean diameters ranged from less than 0.1 to 1.0 um, with a mean absolute difference of 0.5 um and a mean absolute relative difference of 8.4%. HoloCMA measures geometric size directly from reconstructed contours, whereas converting APS aerodynamic diameter requires material-specific assumptions. The APS-to-HoloCMA concentration ratio generally decreased with particle size, consistent with size-dependent transport and counting losses in the APS, although the cause could not be determined conclusively. HoloCMA thus enables continuous CMA measurements that combine geometric size, number concentration, and retained particle images, supporting classification and long-term atmospheric, environmental, and indoor-air monitoring.
