AI 中文总结
该研究提出用古探测器探测暗物质，基于地质时间积累的矿物损伤径迹，在1 GeV/c²至10 GeV/c²暗物质质量区间，其对多种NREFT算符介导的相互作用灵敏度优于传统直接探测实验。
AI 中文摘要
古探测器是一种被提出的暗物质（DM）直接探测方法，基于对暗物质诱导的核反冲的观测。与传统探测器依赖大质量探测器不同，古探测器利用极长的积分时间，采用天然存在的矿物小样品，这些样品已深埋地下，在约十亿年的地质时间尺度上积累了损伤径迹。本文中，我们回顾了在非相对论有效场论（NREFT）框架下，古探测器对弱相互作用大质量粒子（WIMP）-原子核相互作用灵敏度的最新理论预测。我们讨论了弹性和非弹性散射过程，并考虑了同位标量耦合，同时计入了中微子和放射性源的本底。我们给出了古探测器在不同读出和曝光场景下的预计灵敏度，并将其探测范围与传统直接探测实验进行了比较。对于质量在1 GeV/c²至10 GeV/c²范围内的暗物质，古探测器对所有NREFT算符介导的WIMP-原子核相互作用的灵敏度预计将超过传统实验，仅对读出场景或目标矿物有微弱依赖。对于更大质量的暗物质，即10 GeV/c²至5 TeV/c²，古探测器预计在几种NREFT算符介导的相互作用下，灵敏度可达到或超过传统实验，具体取决于特定的读出场景和目标矿物的选择。
英文摘要
Paleo-detectors are a proposed approach to the direct detection of dark matter (DM) based on the observation of DM-induced nuclear recoils. Rather than relying on large detector masses required for conventional detectors, paleo-detectors exploit extremely long integration times, using small samples of naturally occurring minerals that have resided deep underground and accumulated damage tracks over geological timescales of order a gigayear. In this contribution, we review recent theoretical predictions for the sensitivity of paleo-detectors to WIMP-nucleus interactions within the framework of a Non-Relativistic Effective Field Theory (NREFT). We discuss both elastic and inelastic scattering processes and consider isoscalar couplings, taking into account backgrounds from neutrinos and radiogenic sources. We present projected sensitivities of paleo-detectors for different readout and exposure scenarios and compare the reach of paleo-detectors to that of conventional direct-detection experiments. For DM masses in the range $1\ \mathrm{GeV}/c^2$-$10\ \mathrm{GeV}/c^2$, paleo-detectors are expected to achieve sensitivities exceeding those of conventional experiments for WIMP-nucleus interactions mediated by all NREFT operators, with only a weak dependence on the read-out scenario or target mineral. For larger DM masses, $10\ \mathrm{GeV}/c^2$-$5\ \mathrm{TeV}/c^2$, paleo-detectors are projected to attain sensitivities comparable to or surpassing conventional experiments for interactions mediated by several NREFT operators, depending on the specific read-out scenario and choice of target mineral.
Comments19 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Journal refPoS CORFU2025 (2026) 073
