AI 中文总结
该研究发现无纠缠时也存在完全非局域量子魔力，利用局域稳定子处理和经典通信可实现其编码与恢复，还实验演示了相关协议，为分布式量子计算提供新资源控制原语。
AI 中文摘要
非稳定子性（又称魔力）是一种典型的量子资源，是实现量子计算优势的必要条件。本文揭示了一种看似与魔力的量子性质相悖的现象：完全非局域魔力（ENM）——仅存在于关联中、而非每个参与方的边际中存在的魔力——可以在无纠缠的情况下存在。我们系统研究了这种分离，证明其具有普适性且在操作上可逆：利用仅局域稳定子处理和经典通信，可将每个魔力态或信道编码到可分ENM实现中，并从中恢复。我们利用该机制设计了激活密钥协议，其中经典密钥控制非克利福德操作的访问权限。我们进一步提出了魔力秘密共享，即任何参与方单独无法获得的计算能力可通过合作获得。在超导量子处理器上，我们实验演示了激活密钥和网络计算基础，以及可分ENM态制备与提取协议。综上，我们的结果表明魔力可在无纠缠的情况下被经典激活、局域化和秘密共享，为分布式量子计算提供了新的资源控制基础。
英文摘要
Nonstabilizerness, or magic, is an archetypal \emph{quantum} resource that is necessary for quantum computational advantage. Here we uncover a phenomenon seemingly at odds with the quantum nature of magic: entirely nonlocal magic (ENM)---magic present only in correlations and absent from each party's marginal---can live without entanglement. We systematically study this separation and show it is universal and operationally reversible: every magical state or channel can be encoded into and recovered from a separable ENM realization using only local stabilizer processing and classical communication. We leverage this mechanism to devise an activation key protocol in which a classical key controls access to non-Clifford operations. We further formulate magic secret sharing, in which computational power inaccessible to any party alone becomes accessible through cooperation. On a superconducting quantum processor, we experimentally demonstrate activation key and network computing primitives, together with separable ENM state preparation and extraction protocols. Together, our results establish that magic can be classically activated, localized, and secret-shared without entanglement, providing new resource-control primitives for distributed quantum computation.
Comments30 pages, 8 figures. Comments are welcome
