腔量子电动力学多体动力学中的结构化非局域性与涌现局域性
Structured Non-Locality and Emergent Locality in Cavity-QED Many-Body Dynamics
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中文总结 AI 辅助
研究腔QED多体动力学的局域性与非局域性，明确子空间局域乘积态基及角动量选择定则的作用，推导自旋模型有效哈密顿量，开辟新型多体动力学。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
腔量子电动力学（QED）通过将腔介导的集体相互作用与微观短程相互作用相结合，对多体系统进行调控，产生的动力学处于局域与完全集体极限之间，因此仅靠局域性或集体性无法提供完整的组织原则。在主导集体耦合的理想概念极限下，我们证明每个能量孤立子空间内的有效动力学通常由该子空间是否存在局域乘积态基决定，并指出角动量选择定则会带来例外情况。乘积态子空间通常保留微观相互作用的空间结构，而纠缠子空间则通常用全局算符修饰局域过程，产生非局域但高度结构化的动力学。我们通过推导两个代表性腔QED自旋模型中的对应有效哈密顿量来阐明这一点。腔孤立子空间因此成为产生竞争短程相互作用或全局条件局域过程的资源，开辟了一类既无局域也无完全集体对应物的多体动力学。
英文摘要
Cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) modifies many-body systems by combining cavity-mediated collective interactions with microscopic short-range interactions. The resulting dynamics lies between the local and fully collective limits, such that neither locality nor collectivity alone provides a complete organizing principle. In the clean conceptual limit of dominant collective coupling, we show that the effective dynamics within each energetically isolated subspace is generically controlled by whether that subspace admits a local product-state basis, and identify exceptions imposed by angular-momentum selection rules. Product-state subspaces generically retain the spatial structure of the microscopic interaction. Entangled subspaces instead generically dress local processes with global operators, generating non-local but highly structured dynamics. We illustrate this by deriving the corresponding effective Hamiltonians in two representative cavity-QED spin models. The cavity-isolated subspace thus becomes a resource for generating competing short-range interactions or globally conditioned local processes, opening a class of many-body dynamics without local or fully collective counterparts.
