发表机构
Key Laboratory of Atomic and Subatomic Structure and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Structure and Fundamental Interactions of Matter, and School of Physics, South China Normal University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Engineering and Quantum Materials, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Quantum Matter, and Frontier Research Institute for Physics, South China Normal University（原子与亚原子结构及量子控制重点实验室（教育部），广东省物质结构与基本相互作用卓越研究中心，华南师范大学物理学院; 广东省量子工程与量子材料重点实验室，粤港澳量子物质联合实验室，华南师范大学前沿物理研究院）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究针对(2+1)维Z2格点规范理论，开发了一种物理信息量子计算框架，用于研究类胶球激发，其核心是围绕类胶球态物理结构开展计算，且可迁移至非阿贝尔格点规范理论。
AI 中文摘要
用量子计算开展胶球谱学研究，既需要关联的规范真空，也需要系统构建其低能纯规范激发。我们针对(2+1)维Z2格点规范理论中的相关任务，开发了一种物理信息量子计算框架。对于这个阿贝尔模型的禁闭侧，我们将局域闭合通量激发称为“类胶球”，但不将其与量子色动力学（QCD）的非阿贝尔胶球等同。核心策略是围绕类胶球态的物理结构组织计算，而非在通用多体激发空间中搜索。我们通过变分方法制备规范真空，并使用Wilson圈量子子空间展开来构建和表征低能激发。此外，本征矢延续方法利用邻近基态捕捉不断增长的圈修饰，无需快速扩大Wilson圈基，而类Bethe-Salpeter半径可量化相关空间展宽。我们还利用淬火动力学探测非平衡产生。尽管该框架在阿贝尔模型中得到验证，但其构建基于规范不变的真空和激发结构，天然可迁移至非阿贝尔格点规范理论。
英文摘要
Glueball spectroscopy and real-time production with quantum computing require three distinct ingredients: a correlated gauge vacuum, a controlled construction of pure-gauge excitations, and a dynamical detector. We develop a physics-informed quantum-algorithm toolbox for these tasks in a $(2+1)$-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory. We use the term \emph{glueball-like} for localized closed-flux excitations on the confining side of this Abelian model, without identifying them with the non-Abelian glueballs of QCD. A loop-gas circuit and Hamiltonian variational ansatz prepare the gauge vacuum, Wilson-loop quantum subspace expansion constructs and characterizes low-lying excitations, and eigenvector continuation imports parameter-dependent dressing without a rapidly enlarged explicit loop basis. A Bethe--Salpeter-type transition amplitude quantifies the spatial broadening of the lightest state. For dynamics, a vacuum-dressed contractible-loop counter measures excess production of localized glueball-like structures. Although demonstrated in an Abelian model, the toolbox separates preparation, construction, compression, characterization, and dynamical detection in a form that is naturally extensible to non-Abelian lattice gauge theories.
Comments11 pages, 6 figures, comments are welcome
