不同文化下的社交网络结构、财富与财富不平等
Social Network Structure, Wealth, and Wealth Inequality Across Cultures
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究基于全球46个社区约3500个家庭的数据，探究社交网络结构与财富的关联，发现财富不平等程度高的社区中穷人与富人的社交联系更少，为相关研究开辟了新方向。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
尽管有理论将财富不平等与社会结构联系起来，但实证证据仅限于少数基于在线社交媒体数据的研究。本研究使用截然不同类型的数据，将全球覆盖范围扩展到各类差异极大的社会，并探究新问题。具体而言，我们在全球46个社区收集了约3500个共享单元（家庭）的数据，这些社区代表了人类社会与文化的巨大多样性。在每个社区中，我们分析了人们的物质财富与社交网络结构（包括借钱、分享食物、共同工作、社交等）之间的关系。在几乎所有社区中，一个共享单元的物质财富与其同时帮助和被帮助的其他共享单元数量呈正相关。共享单元的财富还与其所关联的共享单元的相对财富相关，这是一种同质性的经济表现。值得注意的是，财富不平等程度更高的社区还具有这样的网络结构：较贫穷的共享单元与较富裕的共享单元的联系更少。我们将这一独特的跨文化数据与其他社区层面的环境、制度和经济属性相结合，为未来研究财富与社交网络的共同决定因素开辟了新途径。
英文摘要
Despite theory tying wealth inequality to social structure, empirical evidence has been limited to a few studies based on online social media data. This study uses a very different type of data, expands the global coverage to very different types of societies, and investigates new questions. In particular, we collect data from ~3500 sharing units (households) in 46 communities across the globe, representing considerable human social and cultural diversity. In each, we analyze the relationship between people's material wealth and the structure of social networks: borrowing money, sharing food, working together, socializing, etc. In almost all communities, a sharing unit's material wealth is positively associated with the number of other sharing units it both helps and is helped by. A sharing unit's wealth is also associated with the relative wealth of the sharing units to which it is linked---a form of economic homophily. Notably, communities with greater wealth inequality are also characterized by a network structure in which poorer sharing units are less well connected to wealthier ones. We augment our unique cross-cultural data with other community-level environmental, institutional, and economic attributes, opening new avenues for future research into the co-determination of wealth and social networks.
