罗曼星系核球时域巡天中的黑洞天体测量双星
Black hole astrometric binaries in the Roman Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文研究罗曼空间望远镜星系核球时域巡天中黑洞等致密天体双星的可探测性,预计新增约10个黑洞+恒星分离双星,可丰富黑洞样本并助力研究银河系宁静恒星质量黑洞种群。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的下一个旗舰任务——南希·格蕾丝·罗曼空间望远镜(Roman)目前计划于2026年8月发射。作为其任务的一部分,Roman将开展星系核球时域巡天(GBTDS),该巡天将为银河系核球内1.7平方度天区中的约1亿个源生成约5万次 epoch 的高精度测光和天体测量数据。Roman GBTDS的天体测量在恒星数量、天体测量精度和时间基线方面可与盖亚卫星数据发布第4版(Gaia DR4)媲美,且在波长和天区位置方面具有高度互补性。本文中,我们研究了GBTDS源的合成种群,以表征未分辨天体测量双星的可探测性,特别是那些具有致密天体伴星的双星。假设恒星周围AU尺度轨道上的黑洞(BH)和中子星(NS)的出现率分别为10⁻⁷和10⁻⁶,且Roman实现了1%像素的天体测量精度,将有O(10)个黑洞+恒星、O(10)个中子星+恒星的分离双星可被探测到。这些黑洞的质量测量不确定度中值约为25%,使现有的分离天体测量黑洞双星样本增加了两倍。加上Roman GBTDS中预计通过微引力透镜发现的O(10²)个孤立黑洞,以及盖亚DR4中的额外O(10)个分离黑洞双星,这将为银河系宁静恒星质量黑洞种群提供有代表性的观测视角。
英文摘要
The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman), NASA's next flagship mission, is currently scheduled to launch in August 2026. As part of its mission, Roman will conduct the Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey (GBTDS), which will generate $\sim$50,000 epochs of high-precision photometric and astrometric data for $\sim 10^8$ sources across 1.7 deg$^2$ in the Galactic Bulge. Roman GBTDS astrometry is comparable to Gaia Data Release 4 in terms of number of stars, astrometric precision, and time baseline, and is highly complementary in terms of wavelength and sky location. In this paper, we investigate a synthetic population of GBTDS sources to characterize the detectability of unresolved astrometric binaries, in particular those with compact object companions. Assuming the occurrence rate of black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs) in AU-scale orbits around stars is $10^{-7}$ and $10^{-6}$, respectively, and that Roman achieves an astrometric precision of $1\%$ of a pixel, $\mathcal{O}(10)$ BH+star and $\mathcal{O}(10)$ NS+star detached binaries will be detectable. The BHs will have median mass measurement uncertainties of $\sim 25\%$, increasing the existing sample of detached astrometric BH binaries by a factor of three. Together with the $\mathcal{O}(10^2)$ isolated BHs expected to be discovered by microlensing in the Roman GBTDS and an additional $\mathcal{O}(10)$ detached BH binaries in Gaia DR4, this will provide a representative view of the quiescent Galactic stellar-mass BH population.
发表机构
- Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science(卡内基科学研究所天文台)
- Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley(加州大学伯克利分校天文学系)
- Department of Astronomy, California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院天文学系)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah(犹他大学物理与天文学系)
- Space Telescope Science Institute(太空望远镜科学研究所)
- UCLA Department of Physics and Astronomy(加州大学洛杉矶分校物理与天文学系)
- Space Science Institute(空间科学研究所)
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory(劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室)
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