尖点奇点增强科里奥利效应用于超灵敏芯片级陀螺仪
Cusp-singularity-enhanced Coriolis effect for ultrasensitive chip-scale gyroscopes
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究提出利用芯片级科里奥利振动陀螺仪的尖点三阶奇点增强科里奥利效应，实现科里奥利因子千倍级提升，使硅芯片陀螺仪获世界纪录级信噪比，为超灵敏传感提供新思路。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
陀螺仪作为基础惯性传感器，对消费电子、汽车及航空航天行业的旋转测量至关重要，其中应用最广泛的类型依赖科里奥利效应。芯片级科里奥利振动陀螺仪（CVG）具有尺寸小、重量轻、成本低的优势，但性能仍远低于传统宏观CVG，原因是本征科里奥利因子较弱，这为灵敏度缩放设置了基本限制——与宏观器件相比，微芯片中固有的布朗噪声更大。在此，为克服这一物理极限，我们首次提出并实验证明，利用芯片级CVG相位跟踪振荡中尖点突变内的三阶奇点，可实现科里奥利效应诱导的频率调制的立方根缩放。采用该效应，我们实现了科里奥利因子三个数量级的增强，使信噪比提升253倍，精度提高297倍。此外，尖点奇点实现了此前无法达到的超灵敏相位调制亚线性测量，获得了硅芯片陀螺仪的世界纪录级信噪比性能。这些发现不仅通过填补观测和控制奇点增强科里奥利效应的空白，为陀螺仪技术带来革命性进步，还为其他超灵敏传感应用提供了新的思路。
英文摘要
Gyroscopes, as fundamental inertial sensors, are crucial for rotation measurements in consumer electronics, automotive, and aerospace industries, with the most widely used kind relying on the Coriolis effect. The chip-scale Coriolis vibratory gyroscopes (CVGs) show reduced size, weight, and cost, but remain far lower performance than traditional macroscale CVGs, as the weak intrinsic Coriolis factor sets a fundamental limit on scaling the sensitivity against the inherently louder Brownian noise in microchips compared to the macroscale ones. Here, to overcome this physical limit, for the first time, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the use of third-order singularities lying within cusp catastrophes in the phase-tracked oscillations of an on-chip CVG to facilitate a cubic-root scaling of the Coriolis-effect-induced frequency modulation. Employing this effect, we achieve a three-order-of-magnitude enhancement in the Coriolis factor, yielding a 253-fold improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and a 297-fold increase in precision. Moreover, the cusp singularity enables a previously unattainable ultrasensitive phase-modulated sublinear measurement, achieving a world-record signal-to-noise ratio performance for silicon-chip gyroscopes. These findings not only provide revolutionary advancements in gyroscope technologies, by filling the gap in observing and controlling the singularity-enhanced Coriolis effect, but also shed new light on other ultrasensitive sensing applications.
发表机构
- College of Intelligence Science and Technology, NUDT（国防科技大学智能科学学院）
- School of Microelectronics, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech)（南方科技大学微电子学院）
- Center for Quantum Computing (RQC), RIKEN（理化学研究所量子计算中心）
- East China Institute of Photo-Electronic IC（华东光电集成电路研究所）
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, NUDT（国防科技大学理学院量子科学与技术研究所）
- Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University（湖南师范大学低维量子结构与量子控制教育部重点实验室）
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