光子灯笼消光仪：从概念到实验室及在轨天演示
The Photonic Lantern Nuller: from concept to laboratory and on-sky demonstrations
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本论文提出光子灯笼消光仪的概念设计，经实验室及昴星团望远镜在轨天演示，该仪器可抵消恒星光保留行星光，实验室测得三端口消光深度约10⁻⁴，在轨天约10⁻¹，为行星直接表征提供技术支撑。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本论文工作介绍了光子灯笼消光仪（Photonic Lantern Nuller，PLN）的概念设计与实验表征，该仪器利用多模到单模的解复用波导抵消恒星光，同时保留行星光，使人们能在望远镜的衍射极限下直接表征行星。研究团队在实验室对PLN进行了实验表征，还通过共光路波前传感与控制技术进一步增强其性能，随后在昴星团望远镜（Subaru Telescope）上完成了在轨天演示。关键结果包括：实验室中测得四个端口里三个端口同时达到约10⁻⁴的消光深度；在轨天观测中，消光深度约为10⁻¹（受抖动和大气残余影响）。本文概述了这些结果，并探讨了未来的研究方向。
英文摘要
This thesis work presents the conceptual design and experimental characterization of the Photonic Lantern Nuller instrument, which uses a multimode-to-single-mode demultiplexing waveguide to cancel out starlight while maintaining planet light, allowing for the direct characterization of planets at a telescope's diffraction limit. The PLN was experimentally characterized in the lab, where it was further enhanced using common-path wavefront sensing and control techniques, and then demonstrated on sky at the Subaru Telescope. Highlights include measured in-lab null-depths of $\sim 10^{-4}$ in three out of four ports simultaneously and on-sky null-depths of approximately $\sim 10^{-1}$ (limited by jitter and atmospheric residuals). We provide an overview of these results and discuss avenues for future work.
