Simulink网络物理系统模型的变异测试：实践中的挑战与解决方案
Mutation Testing of Simulink Cyber-Physical System Models: Challenges and Solutions in Practice
AI总结：
本文结合建筑通风系统企业DUCO的试点项目，分析了将变异测试融入Simulink网络物理系统模型测试时面临的等价变异体等特殊挑战，为工业界应用该技术提供了实践参考。
AI中文摘要：
多项经验报告表明，变异测试能够支持左移测试策略，尤其适用于那些后期发现缺陷会带来极高成本和风险的行业。在网络物理系统背景下，左移意味着工程师需要测试用于模拟、原型开发和分析待设计系统可行性的设计模型。本文分析了我们在将变异测试融入DUCO公司（一家生产建筑通风系统的企业）过程中遇到的挑战与总结的经验。DUCO的工程师拥有多年以Simulink和StateFlow为核心的基于模型的工程经验，包括针对其模型的单元测试。在与我们的工具原型MUT4SLX开展的试点项目中，我们发现等价变异体、需求可追溯性以及StateFlow的变异测试是学术文献中尚未报道的特殊挑战。
英文摘要：
Several experience reports illustrate that mutation testing is capable of supporting a shift-left testing strategy, especially in industries where late bug discovery incurs very high costs and risks. In the context of cyber-physical systems, a shift left implies that engineers need to test the design models used to simulate, prototype, and analyse the feasibility of the system under design. In this paper, we analyse the challenges we encountered and the lessons we learned when incorporating mutation testing in the context of DUCO, a company producing ventilation systems for buildings. The engineers within DUCO have years of experience with model-based engineering centered around Simulink and StateFlow, including unit tests for their models. During a pilot project with our tool prototype MUT4SLX we learned that equivalent mutants, requirement traceability, and mutation testing for Stateflow represent particular challenges not yet reported in the academic literature.
