AI 中文总结
该研究揭示受限活性物质中，壁处局部取向与宏观环流方向由不同物理过程决定，壁选局部取向，集体有序性决定其是否控制全局流动。
AI 中文摘要
边界能否决定集体运动活性流体的环流方向？我们研究具有向列型体排列的手性自驱动粒子，其被定向耦合从向列型连续变化到极性的壁所限制。对于壁处的孤立粒子，我们推导了稳定取向与壁相切的精确参数条件。然而，在壁耦合以向列型为主时，多体环流在手性处发生符号变化，该手性几乎与壁对称性无关。此符号变化紧随向列序的显著降低，且在移除体排列时消失。当极性壁耦合占主导时，相反手性的环流被抑制，出现相同手性的极性锁定。因此，壁处的局部取向与宏观环流的方向由不同物理过程选择：壁决定可能的局部取向，而集体有序性决定这些取向是否控制全局流动。
英文摘要
Can a boundary determine the direction of circulation in a collectively moving active fluid? We study chiral self-propelled particles with nematic bulk alignment, confined by walls whose orientational coupling varies continuously from nematic to polar. For an isolated particle at a wall, we derive the exact parameter condition under which a stable orientation is tangent to the wall. With predominantly nematic wall coupling, however, the many-body circulation changes sign at a chirality that is nearly independent of the wall symmetry. This sign change follows a pronounced decrease in nematic order and disappears when bulk alignment is removed. As the polar wall coupling becomes dominant, opposite-handed circulation is suppressed and same-handed polar locking emerges. Thus local orientation at a wall and the direction of macroscopic circulation are selected by distinct physical processes: the wall determines the possible local orientations, whereas collective order determines whether those orientations control the global flow.
