AI 中文总结
本文提出分层框架定义开放学术基础设施（OSI）计算单元架构，结合开放引文实际案例，为OSI计算模块设计提供实用参考与方法论基础。
AI 中文摘要
本文提出了一种分层框架，用于定义开放学术基础设施（Open Scholarly Infrastructure, OSI）计算单元的架构，并通过引入开放引文（OpenCitations，一个致力于发布引文数据和书目元数据的OSI）给出了具体的实现可能。该研究基于开放学术基础设施原则（Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure, POSI），聚焦于健壮OSI所需的开放性、可持续性、互操作性和可复现性等技术维度。所提方法首先明确OSI中计算模块应保证的核心原则和技术特性，包括操作域分离、编排、可扩展性、可观测性、自动化和工作流可移植性；随后将这些需求映射到由硬件、虚拟化、编排和应用层组成的分层架构模型，并补充了横向元层。开放引文案例研究展示了该框架如何通过本地部署的基础设施在实践中实例化，该案例呈现了所提方法的技术细节和实际实现。通过将概念定义与实际实现相结合，本研究为设计OSI的计算模块提供了实用参考和方法论基础。
英文摘要
This paper proposes a layered framework for defining the architecture of the computational unit of an Open Scholarly Infrastructure (OSI) and presents a concrete implementation possibility through the introduction of OpenCitations, an OSI dedicated to publishing citation data and bibliographic metadata. Grounded in the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI), the study focuses on the technical dimensions of openness, sustainability, interoperability, and reproducibility that are required for a robust OSI. The proposed approach first identifies the core principles and technical features that a computational block in an OSI should guarantee, including separation of operational domains, orchestration, scalability, observability, automation, and workflow portability. It then maps these requirements onto a layered architectural model composed of Hardware, Virtualization, Orchestration, and Application layers, complemented by a transversal Meta layer. The OpenCitations case study shows how this framework can be instantiated in practice through an on-premises infrastructure. The case is presented with details regarding the technicalities and actual implementations of the proposed methodology. By combining a conceptual definition with a real-world implementation, this work offers both a practical reference and a methodological basis for designing the computational block of an OSI.
