AI 中文总结
该研究针对活动星系核Hβ宽线区半径-光度关系的观测散射，开发模拟质量控制框架，发现约40%源的时延恢复存在偏差，校正后内禀散射显著降低，相关工具公开可用。
AI 中文摘要
宽线区（BLR）半径-光度（R-L）关系是活动星系核（AGN）单epoch黑洞质量估计的基础。已发表的Hβ样本观测质量存在异质性，其散射中多少是内禀的、多少由时延恢复的系统误差导致仍不明确。我们量化了不可靠时延恢复对观测到的Hβ R-L关系散射的贡献，并提供质量控制工具。我们汇编了一个公开的 reverberation mapping（反响映射）测量数据库，包含来自32个巡天、跨度超30年的约1200个AGN，涵盖时延、光度、线宽、黑洞质量和观测元数据。我们开发了基于模拟的一致性框架，其中阻尼随机漫步光变曲线按每个巡天的基线、 cadence（采样 cadence）和信噪比采样，并用插值互相关函数（ICCF）恢复时延。比较预期、报告和模拟恢复的时延，定义了四级标记方案。我们用UltraNest对逐步更纯净的样本重新拟合R-L关系，并构建跨三个参考斜率的共识样本以降低模型依赖性。在248个Hβ源中，约40%显示报告与模拟恢复时延存在差异，约5%显示预期与恢复时延直接不一致。排除标记源并校正模型偏差后，推断的内禀散射从σ = 0.26^{+0.02}_{-0.01} dex降至0.11±0.01 dex，校正后的斜率为α = 0.48±0.02。我们的结果表明，观测到的Hβ R-L散射的很大一部分源于观测限制和时延恢复偏差，而非AGN的内禀多样性。该数据库、模拟代码和RM-Scout巡天规划工具均为公开可用。
英文摘要
The broad-line region (BLR) radius-luminosity (R-L) relation underpins single-epoch black hole mass estimates in active galactic nuclei (AGN). The published Hβsample is heterogeneous in observational quality, and it remains unclear how much of its scatter is intrinsic rather than caused by systematics in lag recovery. We quantify the contribution of unreliable lag recovery to the observed scatter of the HβR-L relation and provide tools for quality control. We compile a publicly available database of reverberation mapping measurements for ~1200 AGN from 32 campaigns spanning more than three decades, including lags, luminosities, line widths, black hole masses, and observational metadata. We develop a simulation-based consistency framework in which damped random walk light curves are sampled according to each campaign's baseline, cadence, and signal-to-noise ratio, and lags are recovered with the interpolated cross-correlation function (ICCF). Comparing expected, reported, and simulation-retrieved lags defines a four-tier flagging scheme. We refit the R-L relation with UltraNest for progressively cleaner samples and construct consensus samples across three reference slopes to reduce model dependence. Of 248 Hβsources, ~40% show discrepancies between reported and simulation-retrieved lags, while ~5% show direct inconsistencies between expected and retrieved lags. Excluding flagged sources and correcting for model bias reduces the inferred intrinsic scatter from σ= 0.26^{+0.02}_{-0.01} dex to 0.11\pm0.01 dex, with a corrected slope of α= 0.48\pm0.02. Our results indicate that a substantial fraction of the observed HβR-L scatter arises from observational limitations and lag-recovery biases rather than intrinsic AGN diversity. The database, simulation code, and RM-Scout campaign-planning tool are publicly available.
CommentsAccepted for publication in A&A, Updated the version to match language edited and final submitted version
DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/202662088
