AI 中文总结
该研究修正了超冷中子源最优工作温度的传统结论，得出基于正氘的超热转换器最优温度为10-12K，放宽了相关实验的低温运行条件。
AI 中文摘要
超冷中子（UCN）物理学领域长期存在一个定论：基于正氘的UCN源的最优温度不得超过5K，该值由Golub等人数十年前利用已有的固态正氘截面研究确立。但近期，采用所谓修正非相干近似对关键的单声子上散射截面进行改进计算后，得出了基于正氘的UCN源最优工作温度的新上限。在讨论D₂分子的相关截面后，我们得出最优温度介于10K至12K之间，比此前估计值高1倍。这为使用固态正氘的UCN实验，尤其是基于正氘的超冷中子源的运行提供了显著放宽的低温条件。
英文摘要
There is a longstanding dogma in the physics of ultracold neutrons (UCN): The optimal temperature of ortho-deuterium based UCN-sources must not exceed $5\,\mathrm{K}$. This value has been established by the pioneering work of Golub et al. decades ago, utilizing previously established cross sections for solid ortho-deuterium. But recently, an improved calculation of the crucial 1-phonon up-scattering cross section - using the so-called corrected Incoherent Approximation - leads to a new upper limit for the optimal operation temperature of ortho-deuterium based UCN sources. After a discussion of the relevant cross sections of the \(\mathrm{D}_2\)-molecule we conclude that the optimal temperature lies between $10\,\mathrm{K}$ and $12\,\mathrm{K}$, a factor 2 higher than estimated earlier. This offers significantly relaxed cryogenic conditions for UCN experiments with solid ortho-deuterium and especially for the operation of ortho-deuterium based ultracold neutron sources.
