AI 中文总结
该研究采用数值相对论方法，探究辐射时代类希格斯场涨落穿越势垒形成黑洞的演化，发现其存在两阶段演化及亚、超临界两种分支，最终形成由辐射吸积决定增长的原初黑洞。
AI 中文摘要
暴胀期间的轻旁观场可获得超视界涨落，该涨落会穿越其势的正负区域之间的势垒。受标准模型希格斯不稳定性的启发，本研究针对暴胀结束后辐射时代中，类希格斯旁观场发生该情况的区域后续演化展开探究，采用完全非线性球对称数值相对论方法。在本研究的黑洞形成构型中，发现了稳健的两阶段演化：首先，中心负势区域逆转膨胀，转为动能主导，形成隐藏失控核心的原初黑洞；该初始视界外留存的正势垒随后决定了两种晚世分支之一。在亚临界分支中，初始表观视界平滑增长并吞没剩余标量结构；而在超临界分支中，势垒的势能主导局域演化，产生瞬态虫洞喉、分叉俘获视界及暴胀子宇宙分支。两种分支最终均在原辐射主导宇宙中留下普通原初黑洞，其后续增长由辐射吸积决定。
英文摘要
Light spectator fields during inflation can acquire superhorizon fluctuations that cross a potential barrier between positive and negative regions of their potential. Motivated by the Standard Model Higgs instability, in this work we study the subsequent evolution of patches where this occurs in the radiation era after inflation ends for a Higgs-like spectator field. We utilise fully nonlinear, spherically symmetric numerical relativity. Across the black hole forming configurations in our investigation we find a robust two-stage evolution. First, the central negative potential region reverses its expansion, becomes kinetic dominated, and forms a primordial black hole that hides the runaway core. The positive potential barrier that survives outside this first horizon then determines one of two late-time branches. In the subcritical branch the original apparent horizon grows smoothly and engulfs the remaining scalar structure. In the supercritical branch, however, the potential energy of the barrier dominates the local evolution. The result is a transient wormhole throat, a bifurcating trapping horizon, and an inflating child universe branch. In both branches the parent radiation dominated universe is ultimately left with an ordinary primordial black hole whose subsequent growth is governed by radiation accretion.
Comments51 pages, 23 figures, comments welcome!
