AI辅助从Astro-COLIBRI中的GCN Circulars提取后续观测数据
AI-Assisted Extraction of Follow-up Observations from GCN Circulars in Astro-COLIBRI
AI总结：
该研究开发了Astro-COLIBRI的AI辅助组件，可将GCN Circulars转换为结构化后续记录，经评估准确率达99.80%，已实时处理新Circulars并发布开源解析管道。
AI中文摘要：
我们提出了一种新的Astro-COLIBRI组件，该组件可将自由文本形式的GCN Circulars转换为结构化的、与事件关联的后续记录，并将其与社区直接提交的结构化报告相结合。一个持续运行的Circular监听器会将新报告与瞬变事件关联，应用确定性预分析，并调用受模式约束的大语言模型提取步骤，以获取测光、联系人、红移及其他报告结果和元数据。生成的记录会被提交到Astro-COLIBRI API，归一化为通用的事件级后续数据库，并通过网页和移动界面以报告摘要、联系工具、光学余辉上下文图以及可下载的CSV或VOTable产品形式呈现。经过调优后，涵盖2026年上半年的1775份Circulars构成的操作评估语料库中的所有记录都能无故障完成工作流程。对210份Circulars的内部人工审核确认，25880个明确字段级决策中有25827个准确（准确率99.80%），剩余错误仅出现在231份评估报告中的8份的观测时间和设备归属上。提取的红移在两者共有的249个事件中，有228个与独立的GRBweb汇编一致，所有分歧均源于极限值、候选宿主估计值或后续被修正的数值，而非对Circular的误读。最终管道已应用于2016年以来的完整GCN档案，从5787个瞬变事件的26811份报告中生成了68393条独立观测数据，目前正实时处理新的Circulars。可重复使用的解析和归一化管道以开源Python包astro-colibri-circular-parser的形式发布。本文介绍了该系统的科学动机、架构、提取模式、质量控制保障、面向用户的产品及当前用例。
英文摘要：
We present a new Astro-COLIBRI component that converts free-text GCN Circulars into structured, event-linked follow-up records and combines them with structured reports submitted directly by the community. A continuously running Circular listener associates new reports with transient events, applies deterministic pre-analysis, and invokes a schema-constrained large language model extraction step for photometry, contacts, redshifts, and other reported results and metadata. The resulting records are submitted to the Astro-COLIBRI API, normalized into a common event-level follow-up database, and exposed through the web and mobile interfaces as report summaries, contact tools, optical-afterglow context figures, and downloadable CSV or VOTable products. After tuning, all 1,775 Circulars of an operational evaluation corpus covering the first half of 2026 completed the workflow without failures. An internal human audit of 210 Circulars confirmed 25,827 of 25,880 definite field-level decisions (99.80%), with the remaining errors confined to observation timing and facility attribution in eight of 231 assessed reports. Extracted redshifts agree with the independent GRBweb compilation for 228 of the 249 events the two share, and every disagreement traces to a limit, a candidate-host estimate, or a value later refined rather than to a misread Circular. The final pipeline was applied to the full GCN archive since 2016, yielding 68,393 individual observations from 26,811 reports across 5,787 transient events, and is now running in real time on new Circulars. The reusable parsing and normalization pipeline is released as the open-source Python package astro-colibri-circular-parser. This paper describes the scientific motivation, architecture, extraction schema, quality-control safeguards, user-facing products, and current use-cases of the system.
