AI 中文总结
针对直线部署波导的捏合天线系统无法服务弯曲边界通信区域的问题，提出弯曲波导捏合天线系统（C-PAS），给出两种PA布置策略并分析其OP、AR性能，明确波导弯曲半径与基站发射功率的适配关系。
AI 中文摘要
现有针对捏合天线系统（PAS）的研究均假设波导为直线部署，无法服务具有弯曲边界的通信区域。为解决该局限，本文提出一种基于弯曲波导的捏合天线系统（C-PAS），其中波导沿建筑天花板以弧形布置，以最大化视距（LoS）覆盖。在此基础上，本文给出两种捏合天线（PA）布置策略：最优布置策略与最近布置策略。最优策略区分存在或不存在内墙遮挡的场景，推导最优PA位置的闭式解，以最大化用户接收的信噪比（SNR）；最近策略则在极坐标下使PA与用户的角位置对齐，从而适配区域的弯曲几何结构。此外，本文对两种策略分别分析中断概率（OP）与平均速率（AR），并推导对应的解析表达式。结果表明，最优PA布置策略的OP与AR性能优于最近策略，尤其在大波导损耗系数或大波导高度的场景下优势更显著。对于面积固定的服务区域，存在最优扇区角或内墙半径，可最小化中断概率或最大化平均速率。此外，波导弯曲半径的选择受基站发射功率影响：高功率时更适合较小的弯曲半径，低功率时中间弧形的性能最优。
英文摘要
Existing studies on the pinching-antenna system (PAS) assume that waveguides are deployed straight, which fails to serve communication regions with curved boundaries. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a curved waveguide-enabled pinching-antenna system (C-PAS), where the waveguide is placed along the building ceiling in an arc to maximize the line-of-sight (LoS) coverage. On this basis, the optimal pinching-antenna (PA) placement strategy and the nearest PA placement strategy are presented. The optimal strategy distinguishes between scenarios, i.e., with or without inner-wall blockage, and derives a closed-form solution for the optimal PA position to maximize the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) received at the user. Meanwhile, the nearest strategy aligns the PA with the angular position of a user in polar coordinates, thereby accommodating the curved geometry of the region. Furthermore, the outage probability (OP) and the average rate (AR) are analyzed for each strategy, and the corresponding analytical expressions are derived, respectively. The results show that the optimal PA placement strategy achieves better OP and AR performance than the nearest strategy, particularly under large waveguide loss coefficient or waveguide height. Moreover, for a service region of fixed area, there exists an optimal sector angle or inner-wall radius that either minimizes the outage probability or maximizes the average rate. Furthermore, the choice of a waveguide bending radius is influenced by the transmit power of the base station, where a smaller bending radius is preferable at high power and the middle arc performs best at low power.
