量子时代的加密货币：向后量子密码学的迁移路径
Cryptocurrencies in the Quantum Age: Migration Paths to PQC
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究针对量子计算机对依赖椭圆曲线密码学的区块链的威胁，分析比特币、以太坊等平台的量子漏洞与攻击类型，提出含NIST标准签名在内的后量子安全迁移策略。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
量子计算机对依赖椭圆曲线密码学的区块链系统构成根本性威胁。本研究综述了主要区块链平台（重点为比特币、以太坊、索拉纳）的量子漏洞及相关经济风险，区分了静态、消费时、设置时攻击，识别了最易受量子攻击者影响的区块链组件，还综述了向後量子安全的实用迁移策略，包括NIST标准化数字签名及索拉纳、Algorand、以太坊的新兴解决方案。
英文摘要
Quantum computers pose a fundamental threat to blockchain systems that rely on elliptic-curve cryptography. This work reviews the quantum vulnerabilities and associated economic risks of major blockchain platforms, with a focus on Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana. We distinguish between at-rest, on-spend, and on-setup attacks and identify the blockchain components most exposed to quantum adversaries. We further review practical migration strategies toward post-quantum security, including NIST-standardized digital signatures and emerging solutions for Solana, Algorand, and Ethereum.
