铷和铯里里德伯跃迁电偶极矩阵元的交换与芯极化效应
Exchange and core-polarization effects on Rydberg-transition electric-dipole matrix elements in Rb and Cs
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究采用狄拉克-福克加芯极化方法计算铷和铯的里德伯跃迁电偶极矩阵元，评估不同跃迁的稳定性与建模敏感性，为里德伯原子微波电场传感应用提供可靠性依据。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
利用里德伯原子进行微波电场测量需要准确的里德伯跃迁电偶极矩阵元。我们采用狄拉克-福克加芯极化（Dirac-Fock plus core-polarization）方法计算铷（Rb）和铯（Cs）的这些矩阵元，其中芯价交换被明确处理，芯价关联由截止芯极化势表示。拟合量子亏损能的光滑截止半径模型，对n=90以下的态，能以兆赫兹（MHz）级残差重现目标能量。与模型势矩阵元及长度-速度内部一致性的对比表明，s-p跃迁通常最为稳定，而p-d和d-f跃迁对短程建模的敏感性更强，且随原子种类和跃迁分支变化。最大相对差异源于径向积分抵消，此时短程相位变化会被最终的小矩阵元放大。这些结果为场传感应用中使用的里德伯跃迁电偶极矩阵元提供了实用的可靠性评估。
英文摘要
Microwave electric-field measurements with Rydberg atoms require accurate Rydberg-transition electric-dipole matrix elements. We calculate these matrix elements for Rb and Cs using a Dirac-Fock plus core-polarization method, which core-valence exchange is treated explicitly and core-valence correlation is represented by a cutoff core-polarization potential. A smooth cutoff-radius model fitted to quantum-defect energies reproduces the target energies with MHz-level residuals for states up to $n=90$. Comparisons with model-potential matrix elements and internal length-velocity consistency show that the $s$-$p$ transitions are generally the most robust, whereas the $p$-$d$ and $d$-$f$ transitions show stronger atom- and branch-dependent sensitivity to short-range modeling. The largest relative differences arise from radial-integral cancellation, where short-range phase changes are amplified by the small final matrix element. These results provide a practical reliability assessment for Rydberg-transition electric-dipole matrix elements used in field-sensing applications.
