基于NFT软配对的蓝牙访问控制研究
A Study of Bluetooth Access Control Based on NFT Soft Pairing
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究提出基于NFT软配对的蓝牙访问控制框架，通过三层架构解耦蓝牙配对与授权，原型实现了安全认证等特性。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本文提出一种用于蓝牙服务访问控制的非同质化代币（NFT）软配对框架。与传统蓝牙系统中配对会隐式授予持久服务访问权限的方式不同，该方法无需修改底层协议栈，即可将原生蓝牙配对与授权解耦。该框架引入三层架构：负责连接的蓝牙层、用于可信执行和链上状态验证的区块链层，以及由NFT软配对定义授权逻辑的应用层。在该设计中，非同质化蓝牙代币（NFBT）代表用户侧访问凭证，非同质化设备代币（NFDT）代表设备身份，二者的双向链上绑定构成可撤销、可验证的NFT软配对关系。访问时，用户通过挑战-响应签名证明有效NFBT的所有权，设备在授予服务访问权限前会验证对应的链上状态。基于MetaMask和以太坊实现的原型，展示了基于ERC1155的安全认证、动态撤销、可接受的延迟以及 gas 高效的凭证发行特性。
英文摘要
This paper proposes a Non-Fungible Token (NFT) soft pairing framework for Bluetooth service access control. Unlike conventional Bluetooth systems where pairing implicitly grants persistent service access, the proposed approach decouples native Bluetooth pairing from authorization without modifying the underlying protocol stack. The framework introduces a three-layer architecture consisting of a Bluetooth layer for connectivity, a blockchain layer for trusted execution and on-chain state verification, and an application layer where NFT soft pairing defines the authorization logic. In this design, Non-Fungible Bluetooth Tokens (NFBTs) represent user-side access credentials, while Non-Fungible Device Tokens (NFDTs) represent device identities. Their bidirectional on-chain binding forms a revocable and verifiable NFT soft pairing relationship. During access, users prove ownership of valid NFBTs through challenge-response signatures, and devices verify the corresponding on-chain state before granting service access. A prototype implemented with MetaMask and Ethereum demonstrates secure authentication, dynamic revocation, acceptable latency, and gas-efficient credential issuance based on ERC1155.
