发表机构
Heidelberg University; German Sport University Cologne; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology; University of Waterloo（海德堡大学; 科隆德国体育大学; 卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院; 滑铁卢大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究构建BKA与非BKA运动员的跳远生物力学模型，通过最优控制问题计算跳远动作，对比发现非BKA运动员成绩比BKA运动员长64厘米（6.9%），并指出成绩差异成因及提升方向。
AI 中文摘要
近年来，小腿截肢（BKA）运动员使用跑步专用假肢（RSP）起跳时，跳远成绩显著提升。这类运动员的跳远生物力学特征与无BKA运动员存在差异，由此产生疑问：RSP的类弹簧特性是否有助于提升跳远距离。本研究旨在构建适用于BKA与非BKA运动员的跳远模型，对其进行评估，并将其应用于对比使用RSP与不使用RSP的跳远动作。我们分别建立了一名BKA运动员和一名非BKA运动员的刚性多体系统模型。通过求解特定的最优控制问题（OCP），同时施加保证物理动力学正确性的约束，实现跳远动作的计算，该方法可用于动作重构或动作合成。借助所提出的跳远模型，我们能够计算出符合实际的跳远动作。我们探讨了实测跳远成绩差异的成因，并指出消除这些差异的方向。对于两名运动员，合成的动作方案均显示出成绩提升的潜力；在合成方案中，非BKA运动员的跳远距离比BKA运动员长64厘米（6.9%）。
英文摘要
Long jumpers with below the knee amputation (BKA) that take off from their running-specific prosthesis (RSP) improved performances significantly over the last years. The long jump biomechanics differs compared to athletes without BKA and the question arises whether the spring-like properties of the RSP facilitate achieving long jumping distances. The aim of this work is to propose a long jump model for athletes with and without BKA, to evaluate it and to apply it for comparing long jump motions with and without RSP. We establish rigid multi-body system models of one athlete with and one athlete without below the knee amputation (BKA). Long jump motions are computed by solving a specific optimal control problem (OCP) with constraints enforcing a physically correct dynamics, both for motion reconstruction or motion synthesis. With the proposed long jump model, we are able to compute realistic long jump motions. We discuss the causes of differences in measured long jumps and show directions for eliminating them. For both athletes, the synthesized solutions reveal potential for performance improvement. The jumping distance of the athlete without BKA is 64cm (6.9%) longer than the one of the athlete with BKA in the synthesized solutions.
CommentsThis work has been submitted to Scientific Reports and it is currently under review
