AI 中文总结
本研究提出纳入微类星体与超新星遗迹贡献的数值框架，解释银河系弥散中微子和伽马射线的能段分布，其预测与IceCube 12年观测吻合，为多信使研究提供物理基线与可检验预测。
AI 中文摘要
IceCube近期对银河系弥散中微子的探测、LHAASO对伽马射线的探测，为直接探究银河系宇宙线的起源提供了探针。传统弥散模板通常假设在宽能段内存在单一的宇宙线注入谱，未考虑不同加速源群体的独立贡献。本文提出一种数值框架，用于建模银河系弥散中微子和伽马射线辐射，该框架纳入了微类星体与超新星遗迹两类群体的贡献。通过将宇宙线（CR）注入锚定到局域观测结果，并利用高分辨率三维靶气体分布，模型显示弥散天空存在多群体贡献：超新星遗迹逃逸的宇宙线主导~10 TeV以下的辐射，而微类星体产生的宇宙线在更高能段成为主要驱动因素。我们预测的中微子流量与IceCube最近12年的测量结果吻合良好，为弥散强子背景建立了符合物理机制的基线，同时为未分辨的点状源预留了空间。这一灵活框架为当前及未来多信使天文台提供了可检验的预测，可适配不同加速源群体与更新的观测约束。
英文摘要
Recent detections of Galactic diffuse neutrinos by IceCube and $γ$-rays by LHAASO offer direct probes into the origin of Galactic cosmic rays. Conventional diffuse templates typically assume a single cosmic-ray injection spectrum across a wide energy range, without accounting for independent contributions from distinct accelerator populations. Here, we present a numerical framework that models Galactic diffuse neutrino and $γ$-ray emission that incorporates contributions from both microquasar and supernova remnant populations. By anchoring CR injection to local observations and utilizing high-resolution 3D target gas distributions, our model suggests multi-population contributions to the diffuse sky: escaped cosmic rays from supernova remnants dominate below $\sim10\text{ TeV}$, while those from microquasars become the primary driver at higher energies. Our predicted neutrino flux agrees well with the recent 12-year IceCube measurements, establishing a physically motivated baseline for the diffuse hadronic background while leaving room for unresolved point-like sources. This flexible framework provides testable predictions for current and future multi-messenger observatories, accommodating diverse accelerator populations and updated observational constraints.
Comments8 pages, 4 figures
