发表机构
Deutsches Zentrum für Astrophysik (DZA); Institut für Kern- und Teilchenphysik (IKTP), TU Dresden; Institut de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-Universitat de València; Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics; Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology; Department of Physics, Nagoya University; Department of Physics, University of Miami; Fakultät für Physik, Technische Universität Dortmund; Arnold Sommerfeld Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität(德国天体物理中心; 德累斯顿工业大学核与粒子物理研究所; 瓦伦西亚大学-CSIC粒子物理研究所; 亚太理论物理中心; 浦项科技大学物理系; 名古屋大学物理系; 迈阿密大学物理系; 多特蒙德工业大学物理学院; 路德维希-马克西米利安大学阿诺德·索末菲尔德中心)
机构由 AI 辅助整理,请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究探讨存在轻子与重子不对称时原初宇宙的热历史,确定对应阶段的宇宙状态方程,结合峰值理论与数值相对论模拟修正原初黑洞质量谱,分析其引力波信号并讨论原初黑洞的约束与证据。
AI 中文摘要
我们研究存在非零轻子和重子不对称性时原初宇宙的热历史。考虑不同场景,我们确定从T=10 GeV到T=1 keV的宇宙状态方程(EoS),涵盖量子色动力学(QCD)相变、强子气相和中微子退耦时期。结合数值代码,我们追踪与重子、轻子和电荷相关的化学势的宇宙轨迹,并跟踪轻子不对称性的演化,包括中微子振荡发生的时代。结合峰值理论与坍缩阈值的数值相对论模拟,我们展示EoS对原初黑洞(PBH)质量谱的修正。我们确定相关的引力波(GW)信号,说明当前地面干涉仪的GW观测如何能揭示轻子不对称性和曲率扰动的特定谱指数。最后,我们讨论PBH的约束条件和正面证据。
英文摘要
We study the thermal history of the primordial Universe in the presence of non-zero lepton and baryon asymmetries. Considering different scenarios, we determine the equation of state (EoS) of the Universe from T = 10 GeV down to T = 1 keV, spanning the QCD transition, hadron gas phase and neutrino decoupling epochs. Using a combination of numerical codes, we track the cosmic trajectories of chemical potentials associated with the baryonic, leptonic and electric charges, and follow the evolution of lepton asymmetries including through the era where neutrino oscillations take place. Combining peak theory with numerical-relativity simulations of the collapse threshold, we show the EoS-induced modifications to the primordial black hole (PBH) mass spectrum. We determine the associated Gravitational Wave (GW) signal, showing how lepton asymmetries and a particular spectral index of curvature perturbations can be hinted at by current ground interferometer-based GW observations. Finally, we discuss constraints and positive evidence for PBHs.
Comments27 pages totals, 16 main text pages, 6 main text figures, 3 appendix, 9 appendix figures