稀薄非相对论中子气体中的等离激元极化激元
Plasmon-polaritons in a rarefied nonrelativistic neutron gas
AI总结：
该研究针对中子气体，推导静态有效麦克斯韦方程格林函数，分析其铁磁不稳定性、弗里德尔振荡类似物，揭示等离激元极化激元的无穷多分支色散律，证实单个电子上存在稳定纵向等离激元极化激元。
AI中文摘要：
在中子间散射可忽略的情况下，描述了稀薄非极化非相对论中子气体的电磁性质。考虑了中子气体的高斯（麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼）和费米-狄拉克单粒子密度矩阵，假设这些密度矩阵变化的典型空间尺度远大于电磁场变化的典型空间尺度。推导了静态有效麦克斯韦方程的格林函数。确定了该中子气体具有铁磁不稳定性的非平衡中子气体参数。描述了弗里德尔振荡的类似物。揭示了中子气体中等离激元极化激元的性质。结果表明，在给定动量下，纵向和横向等离激元极化激元的色散律具有无穷多分支。找到了可将等离激元极化激元视为准粒子的参数区域。描述了单个电子高斯波包上的等离激元极化激元，其色散律在给定动量下也具有无穷多分支。结果表明，即使在单个电子上也存在稳定的纵向等离激元极化激元。
英文摘要：
The electromagnetic properties of a dilute unpolarized nonrelativistic neutron gas are described in the case when neutron-by-neutron scattering is negligible. The Gaussian (Maxwell-Boltzmann) and Fermi-Dirac one-particle density matrices for the neutron gas are considered, the typical space scale of variations of these density matrices being assumed to be much larger than the the typical space scale of variations of the electromagnetic field. The Green functions for the static effective Maxwell equations are obtained. The parameters of a nonequilibrium neutron gas are found where this gas possesses a ferromagnetic instability. The analog of Friedel oscillations is described. The properties of plasmon-polaritons in the neutron gas are revealed. It turns out that the dispersion law of longitudinal and transverse plasmon-polaritons has an infinite number of branches at a given momentum. The region of parameters where the plasmon-polaritons can be regarded as quasiparticles is found. The plasmon-polaritons on a Gaussian wave packet of a single electron are described. Their dispersion law proves to have an infinite number of branches at a given momentum. It is shown that there exist stable longitudinal plasmon-polaritons even on a single electron.
