20世纪80年代和90年代的粒子暗物质
Particle Dark Matter in the 1980s and 1990s
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
该文梳理了1980至2000年粒子暗物质研究的发展，指出其在融合粒子物理与宇宙学研究中发挥核心作用，至今仍是两领域的热门话题。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
1980年，宇宙由恒星构成，宇宙学是不足100名天文学家的研究领域，哈勃常数的不确定度达2倍，热大爆炸理论是“宇宙学标准模型”；粒子物理学蓬勃发展，聚焦夸克、轻子的内部空间及强、弱、电磁相互作用，标准模型刚确立，研究目标是力与粒子的“大统一”。到2000年，内部空间与外部空间的研究议程紧密关联，带有暴胀、粒子暗物质和暗能量的ΛCDM模型成为新的标准模型，此时哈勃常数的测量精度优于10%。连接内部空间与外部空间的重大问题包括普通物质的起源、暗物质的本质、暗能量的性质，以及时空与宇宙的起源。粒子暗物质理论认为，大部分神秘暗物质是一种新的长寿命或稳定基本粒子，它在融合内部空间与外部空间的研究中发挥了核心作用，至今仍是两个领域的热门话题。
英文摘要
In 1980, the Universe was made of stars, cosmology was the province of less than 100 astronomers, the Hubble constant was only known to within a factor of two, and the hot big bang was the ``the standard model of cosmology.'' Particle physics was a thriving enterprise concerned with the inner space of quarks, leptons and the strong, weak and electromagnetic interactions. The Standard Model was newly established and the aspirations were for a ``grand unification'' of the forces and particles. By 2000, the agendas of inner space and outer space were inextricably linked, and $Λ$CDM with its inflation, particle dark matter and dark energy -- and a Hubble constant reliably known to better than 10\% -- was the new standard model. The big questions connecting inner space and outer space included the origin of ordinary matter, the identity of dark matter, the nature of dark energy, and an understanding of the origin of space, time and the Universe. Particle dark matter, the idea that the bulk of the mysterious dark matter is a new, long-lived or stable elementary particle, played a central in bringing together inner space and outer space, and today is still a hot topic in both fields.
