AI 中文总结
本文研究囚禁的费米子Tonks-Girardeau气体，发现其存在定域在边界的介观奇频配对，通过推广Yang理论定义t相关序参量，为该隐藏序的实验研究提供了新方向。
AI 中文摘要
费米子Tonks-Girardeau气体是一个可精确求解的模型，可实现常规的p波库珀对宏观凝聚体。本文证明，当该气体被囚禁势限定时，还存在非常规的奇频配对，即具有s波对称性的对关联，仅在形成对的费米子之间存在有限时间延迟t时才会出现。利用推广的Yang非对角长程序理论，定义了与t相关的序参量，该序参量在联合t反演和费米子对指标交换下是反对称的，由此获得了固定粒子数下的定量结果。研究发现，费米子Tonks-Girardeau气体中的奇频配对是一种介观效应，定域在系统边界，因此不具有热力学广延性。本文结果表明，这种难以捉摸的隐藏序在固定粒子数的系统中是可实现的，为其实验制备及进一步详细研究提供了新途径。
英文摘要
The fermionic Tonks-Girardeau gas is an exactly solvable model realizing a conventional macroscopic condensate of p-wave Cooper pairs. Here we demonstrate that, when confined by a trapping potential, it also hosts unconventional odd-frequency pairing, i.e., pair correlations with s-wave symmetry that are only present with a finite time delay t between fermions forming a pair. Quantitative results for fixed particle number are obtained using a generalization of Yang's theory of off-diagonal long-range order to define a t-dependent order parameter that is antisymmetric under combined t inversion and exchange of fermion-pair indices. Odd-frequency pairing in the fermionic Tonks-Girardeau gas is found to be a mesoscopic effect, localized at the system's boundary and therefore nonextensive thermodynamically. Our results show that this elusive hidden order is accessible in systems having fixed particle number, suggesting new avenues towards its experimental realization and further detailed study.
Comments17 pages, 8 figures, RevTex4.2
