反常局域热容与二分纠缠
Anomalous Local Heat Capacity and Bipartite Entanglement
AI总结：
本研究探究平衡态纠缠对相互作用量子系统热容的影响，推导局域热容反常与纠缠的关联，给出模型无关的热力学纠缠检测边界。
AI中文摘要：
系统的热容量化了其在平衡态下对温度变化的能量响应。对于非相互作用系统，该量为正且具有可加性；而自引力系统（如恒星）或强相互作用量子系统的子系统则具有负的或反常的比热容量。本研究探讨平衡态下纠缠的存在如何影响相互作用系统对温度变化的能量响应，研究相互作用量子系统的局域热容，为反常现象的发生提供解析理解。最有趣的是，我们通过推导基于局域能量和相互作用能量涨落的可分性边界，发现了局域热容反常与纠缠之间的关联。我们用两个例子说明结果：（i）近邻自旋-1/2链，（ii）两个耦合量子谐振子。最后，我们提供了一个连接互信息和非热性与热容非加性的信息论公式。本研究结果提供了与模型无关的热力学纠缠检测边界，并深化了对量子关联与量子系统热容之间关系的认识。
英文摘要：
The heat capacity of a system quantifies how it energetically responds to changes in temperature at equilibrium. Whilst this quantity is positive and even additive for non-interacting systems, self-gravitating systems such as stars or subsystems of strongly interacting quantum systems are known to have negative or anomalous specific heat capacities. In this work, we investigate how the presence of entanglement at equilibrium can influence how an interacting system responds energetically to changes in temperature. We examine the local heat capacity of interacting quantum systems providing an analytical understanding for when anomalies occur. Most interestingly, we find a connection between local heat capacity anomalies and entanglement by deriving a separability bound based on the fluctuations of local and interaction energies. We illustrate our results with two examples (i) a nearest neighbour spin-1/2 chain and (ii) two coupled quantum harmonic oscillators. Lastly, we provide an information-theoretic formula connecting mutual information and athermality to the non-additivity of the heat capacity. Our results provide model-independent thermodynamic entanglement detection bounds and insight into the relationship between quantum correlations and the heat capacity of quantum systems.
