非厄米散射中倏逝隧穿与传输延迟的复时间参数化
Complex-Time Parametrization of Evanescent Tunneling and Transmission Delay in non-Hermitian Scattering
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
本文提出复时间参数化方法解决量子隧穿中虚动量的反常问题，证明隧穿受光速限制，且在微波散射实验中得到类比验证。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
量子隧穿过程是体现量子动力学非经典特性的基础概念，该效应的主要反常在于势垒穿越过程中经典四维动量需取虚数。本文通过引入复时间参数化解决这一悖论，采用复时间坐标τ = t + iκ，其中实轴(t)代表标准热力学时间，虚轴(iκ)与空间倏逝相关。我们证明该扩展复时间框架的取值构成类光锥的双曲截面，证明穿越过程严格受光速限制且保持因果不连通性。将其应用于量子隧穿，我们通过有效复时间动量模从类时到类空的连续几何符号翻转，解决了虚动量的反常问题。该理论模型在开放非厄米系统的微波散射实验中找到物理现象学类比，将复传输延迟与空间波衰减关联起来。
英文摘要
The quantum tunneling process is a fundamental concept that presents the unconventional nature of quantum dynamics. The main anomaly of this effect revolves around the choice of imposing the classical 4-momentum to become imaginary during the barrier traversal. This paper addresses this paradox by introducing a complex-time parametrization, which uses a complex temporal coordinate, $τ= t + iκ$. Here, the real axis $(t)$ represents standard thermodynamic time, while the imaginary axis $(iκ)$ is correlated to spatial evanescence. We demonstrate that evaluating this extended complex-time framework yields a hyperbolic section of the causal lightcone, proving that the traversal is strictly bounded by the speed of light and preserves causal disconnection. Applied to quantum tunneling, we resolve the anomaly of imaginary momentum through a continuous geometric signature flip of the effective complex-time momentum norm from a timelike to a spacelike state. This theoretical model finds a physically phenomenological analogy in microwave scattering experiments using open, non-Hermitian systems, which link complex transmission time delay to spatial wave decay.
