DOLPHIN（耐斯米思焦点线测光装置）：用于ISAS 1.3米望远镜的可切换多波段光度计
DOLPHIN (Device of Line Photometry in Nasmyth): A Switchable Multiband Photometer for the ISAS 1.3-m Telescope
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文介绍了用于ISAS 1.3米望远镜的可切换多波段光度计DOLPHIN的设计、性能，其通过HD 189733观测验证了可靠性，可作为差分窄带监测的实用平台。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
本文介绍了DOLPHIN（Device of Line Photometry in Nasmyth，耐斯米思焦点线测光装置）的设计、构造与调试情况，该仪器是一款紧凑型设备，用于在ISAS 1.3米望远镜的耐斯米思焦点实现可切换的宽、窄波段测光。DOLPHIN被开发为一款注重成本的平台，用于小口径望远镜对选定光谱特征的差分测量。它配备了电动八位置滤光轮，可切换Johnson-Bessell B、V、R波段，以及窄带Na D和Hα滤光片；所有滤光片共享同一光路和CMOS探测器，相邻位置切换时间约为0.8秒，系统采用商用组件，视场约为10角分。实验室表征显示，探测器在10000 ADU以下的响应线性度优于0.1%，转换系数为0.81 e⁻/ADU，读出噪声为9 e⁻，像素响应非均匀性为0.37%；同时测量了所有滤光片的系统内透射轮廓，发现Na D通带比规定的更宽。通过对HD 189733的调试观测验证了滤光序列操作、图像校准和相对测光稳定性，该序列中B、V、R波段曝光时间为1秒，Na D和Hα波段为20秒；未分箱的均方根在Na D波段为0.34%，在B波段为0.94%，经8点分箱后，Na D/R比值达到0.16%，随分箱尺寸增大而增强的正波段间相关性表明部分低频共模噪声已被去除，对已知宽带凌星的恢复为观测和归算系统提供了端到端验证。这些结果确立了DOLPHIN作为差分窄带监测实用平台的地位，并明确了未来观测需解决的仪器局限性。
英文摘要
We present the design, construction, and commissioning of DOLPHIN (Device of Line Photometry in Nasmyth), a compact instrument for switchable broad- and narrow-band photometry at the Nasmyth focus of the ISAS 1.3-m telescope. DOLPHIN was developed as a cost-conscious platform for differential measurements of selected spectral features with modest-aperture telescopes. A motorized eight-position filter wheel provides access to Johnson-Bessell B, V, and R bands and narrow-band Na D and H$α$ filters. All filters share a common optical path and CMOS detector, and adjacent positions can be switched in approximately 0.8 s. The system uses commercially available components and provides an approximately 10-arcmin field of view. Laboratory characterization shows that the detector response is linear to within 0.1% below 10,000 ADU, with a conversion factor of 0.81 $e^-$/ADU, read noise of 9 $e^-$, and pixel-response non-uniformity of 0.37%. We also measure the in-system transmission profiles of all filters and identify a broader-than-specified Na D passband. Commissioning observations of HD 189733 are used to validate filter-sequence operation, image calibration, and relative photometric stability. The sequence used 1-s exposures in B, V, and R and 20-s exposures in Na D and H$α$. The unbinned RMS ranges from 0.34% in Na D to 0.94% in B; after eight-point binning, the Na D/R ratio reaches 0.16%. Positive inter-band correlations that increase with bin size demonstrate removal of part of the low-frequency common-mode noise. Recovery of the known broadband transit provides an end-to-end validation of the observing and reduction system. These results establish DOLPHIN as a practical platform for differential narrow-band monitoring and define the instrumental limitations to be addressed in future observations.
