发表机构
University of Latvia（拉脱维亚大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
该研究建立准束缚Laughlin对的微观理论，模拟碰撞产生Laughlin对，发现其寿命远长于传播时间，为现有单电子电路技术实现配对电子的操控提供了可能。
AI 中文摘要
按需源和介观分束器可使单个弹道电子在耗尽型量子霍尔边缘通道中发生碰撞，其中未被屏蔽的库仑相互作用是一种强且可控的非线性效应。理论提出了一种更引人注目的可能性：在强磁场中，这种排斥作用可驱动量子化的相对环流，使两个电子以正能量的形式作为Laughlin对共同传播。这类配对与实验的相关性取决于实际引导势中的定量寿命，以及所提出的配对形成碰撞路径是否能在全二维动力学中保留。我们利用两电子哈密顿量建立了准束缚Laughlin对的微观理论。对于一般的局域电场梯度，我们确定了解离阈值、准束缚态数量和衰变率。复标度法和解析隧穿理论表明，寿命随对能量高于阈值呈指数增长。应用于已报道的GaAs参数时，该理论表明现有器件可能已支持最低的自旋极化对，其主导寿命估计比典型传播时间长约三个数量级。我们用全有限场哈密顿量模拟了一次碰撞，既展示了非线性两电子量子动力学的框架，也在代表性两电子碰撞中演示了Laughlin对的产生。我们利用Husimi分布及其零点在相空间中可视化准束缚共振和瞬态碰撞态。这些结果使排斥配对电子的制备、传播和检测可通过现有的单电子电路技术实现，同时确定了受约束一维传播下的运动学稳定化是一种配对机制，可扩展到任意子量子霍尔边缘激发。
英文摘要
On-demand sources and mesoscopic beam splitters allow individual ballistic electrons to collide in depleted quantum Hall edge channels, where their unscreened Coulomb interaction acts as a strong, controllable nonlinearity. Theory suggests a more striking possibility: in a strong magnetic field, the same repulsion can drive quantized relative circulation, allowing two electrons to propagate together as a positive-energy Laughlin pair. The relevance of such pairs to experiment depends on lifetimes in realistic guiding potentials and on whether the proposed collision pathway to pair formation survives full two-dimensional dynamics. We develop a microscopic theory of quasibound Laughlin pairs using the physical two-electron Hamiltonian. For a general local electric-field gradient, we determine the dissociation threshold, number of quasibound states, and decay rates. Complex scaling and analytic tunneling theory show that lifetimes grow exponentially with pair energy above threshold. Applied to reported GaAs parameters, the theory indicates that existing devices may already support the lowest spin-polarized pair, with a lifetime estimate roughly two orders of magnitude longer than typical propagation times. We simulate a collision with the full finite-field Hamiltonian, providing both a framework for nonlinear two-electron quantum dynamics and evidence for Laughlin-pair formation in a representative two-electron collision. We use Husimi distributions and their zeros to visualize both quasibound resonances and transient collision states in phase space. These results place the preparation, propagation, and detection of repulsively paired electrons within reach of existing single-electron circuit technology. They identify kinematic stabilization under constrained one-dimensional propagation as a pairing mechanism that may extend to anyonic quantum Hall edge excitations.
Comments18 pages, 8 figures. Revised version: added quantitative analysis of pair-formation yield, Wigner-function results, and results for the (κ=0) special case; and added a data-availability statement
