AI 中文总结
该研究利用RIXS选择定则过滤分数化激发，揭示海森堡反铁磁链中不同光谱扰动产生的量子尾迹，为量子模拟提供实验锚定基准，拓展多体传播的探测路径。
AI 中文摘要
量子磁体中的量子尾迹动力学近期已通过动力学自旋结构因子推断得出，该因子仅能探测受限类别的局域扰动。本文表明，共振非弹性X射线散射（RIXS）的选择定则对分数化激发起到算子过滤作用，在自旋-1/2海森堡反铁磁链中产生不同的量子尾迹。通过单自旋和自旋守恒键关联子的显式实时演化，研究发现常规自旋响应以最大自旋子速度vs=π/2 J传播，而键通道将谱权重集中到速度v≈0.92 J的较慢主尾迹中，较弱成分则保持在完整自旋子光锥内。对应的动量与频率分辨响应映射到实验可及的RIXS通道，表明不同光谱扰动可分辨超出中子散射自旋结构因子的多体传播互补路径。其非弹性谱权重还可用于获取量子费舍尔信息，而等时键求和规则将相同光谱通道与基态能量关联。由于这些关联子可在量子硬件上制备和测量，它们也为量子模拟提供了直接的、实验锚定的基准，尤其适用于阻挫和高维磁体，这类体系中可控的经典实时计算极具挑战性。
英文摘要
Quantum wake dynamics in quantum magnets have recently been inferred from the dynamical spin structure factor, which probes only a restricted class of local perturbations. Here, we show that resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) selection rules act as an operator filter on fractionalized excitations, producing distinct quantum wakes in the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain. Using explicit real-time evolution of single-spin and spin-conserving bond correlators, we find that the conventional spin response propagates up to the maximum spinon velocity, $v_s=\fracπ{2} J$, whereas the bond channels concentrate their spectral weight into a slower dominant wake with $v\simeq 0.92 J$, while weaker components remain bounded by the full spinon light cone. The corresponding momentum- and frequency-resolved responses map onto experimentally accessible RIXS channels, demonstrating that different spectroscopic perturbations resolve complementary pathways of many-body propagation beyond the neutron-scattering spin structure factor. Their inelastic spectral weights further provide access to quantum Fisher information, while equal-time bond sum rules connect the same spectroscopic channels to the ground-state energy. Because the same correlators can be prepared and measured on quantum hardware, they also define direct, experimentally anchored benchmarks for quantum simulations, particularly in frustrated and higher-dimensional magnets where controlled classical real-time calculations become challenging.
Comments7+6 pages, 4 figure
