小行星表面跳跃中序列凸规划的物理信息贝叶斯优化热启动
Physics-Informed Bayesian Optimization Warm-Starts for Sequential Convex Programming in Asteroid Surface Hopping
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究针对小行星433爱神星表面跳跃的燃料最优问题，提出物理信息贝叶斯优化热启动方法，结合序列凸规划实现高精度、低燃料消耗的轨迹规划，减少迭代次数并消除收敛失败。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
表面跳跃是小天体探测中极具吸引力的移动方式，但在小行星433爱神星上设计燃料最优跳跃需要求解非凸最优控制问题，该问题存在不规则多面体引力场、推力-质量耦合以及避撞约束。我们证明，一种物理信息贝叶斯优化（BO）热启动——即对单个贝塞尔控制点进行高斯过程搜索，无需离线训练——能为序列凸规划（SCP）提供比标准直线猜测更可靠的初始化。此处考虑的所有站点间转移中，直线弦都会穿透小行星并降低收敛性。该物理信息BO参考值输入SCP阶段，其中对数质量变化变量使推力-质量耦合凸化，最近面半空间强制执行避撞约束，自动化帕累托飞行时间扫描选择燃料优先解且不引入双线性项。将该框架应用于五个代表性表面站点间的全部20次有序转移，并在10个随机种子下验证，闭环蒙特卡洛仿真中该框架使每条轨迹达到米级终端精度，完成五站点巡游仅需五分之一推进剂预算，且相对于理想化双脉冲弹道轨迹估计，平均ΔV减少约三分之一。直线消融实验表明，热启动使平均SCP迭代次数从8.8降至5.9，并消除了一次收敛失败。目标扰动分析进一步显示，解随着陆目标平滑变化，无局部盆地间跳跃。
英文摘要
Surface hopping is an attractive mobility mode for small-body exploration, but designing fuel-optimal hops on asteroid 433~Eros requires solving a nonconvex optimal control problem with an irregular polyhedral gravity field, thrust--mass coupling, and collision-avoidance constraints. We show that a physics-informed Bayesian Optimization (BO) warm-start---a Gaussian-process search over a single Bézier control point that requires no offline training---provides a more reliable initialization for Sequential Convex Programming (SCP) than the standard straight-line guess. The straight chord penetrates the asteroid on every inter-site transfer considered here and degrades convergence. The physics-informed BO reference feeds an SCP stage in which a log-mass change of variables convexifies the thrust--mass coupling and nearest-facet half-spaces enforce collision avoidance, and an automated Pareto time-of-flight sweep selects fuel-priority solutions without introducing bilinear terms. Applied to all 20 ordered transfers among five representative surface sites and validated under 10 random seeds, the framework tracks every trajectory to meter-level terminal accuracy in closed-loop Monte Carlo simulation, completes a five-site tour for one fifth of the propellant budget, and reduces mean $ΔV$ by roughly one third relative to an idealized two-impulse ballistic trajectory estimate. A straight-line ablation credits the warm-start with cutting the mean SCP iteration count from 8.8 to 5.9 and removing the one convergence failure. A target-perturbation analysis further shows that the solutions vary smoothly with the landing target, with no jumps between local basins.
