AI 中文总结
本文针对 Android、Linux、HarmonyOS 三个操作系统的 1500 个缺陷开展大规模研究，分析其多维度分布与跨系统相似性，总结发现并为缺陷检测调试提供指导。
AI 中文摘要
操作系统（OS）是所有其他软件系统的基础，因此操作系统中的缺陷会导致严重后果，如系统崩溃和数据损坏，影响数十亿用户。这种广泛的影响凸显了确保操作系统质量的必要性和重要性。理解操作系统缺陷的特征是这项质量保障任务的基本步骤，因为它有助于设计有效的缺陷检测和调试方法。在这项工作中，我们对来自三个不同且具有代表性的操作系统（Android、Linux 和 HarmonyOS）的 1500 个缺陷进行了大规模研究，涵盖移动和桌面环境。据我们所知，这是该领域同类研究中规模最大的一次。通过分析操作系统缺陷在多个分类维度上的分布，包括缺陷发生的操作系统层、它们影响的功能、触发方式、严重程度以及修复中涉及的代码元素，以及在维度之间进行联合分析和跨操作系统相似性比较，我们总结了几项主要发现，有助于全面理解不同系统的操作系统缺陷。基于这些发现，我们为更好的操作系统缺陷检测和调试提供了一系列可操作的启示，为旨在提高操作系统质量保障的未来研究提供了指导方针。
英文摘要
Operating systems (OS) serve as the foundation for all other software systems, and thus defects in OSes can lead to severe conquences, such as system crashes and data corruption, affecting billions of users. This broad impact underscores the necessity and importance of ensuring OS quality. Understanding the characteristics of OS defects is a fundamental step in this quality assurance task, as it facilitates the design of effective defect detection and debugging approaches. In this work, we conduct a large-scale study of 1,500 defects from three distinct and representative operating systems (Android, Linux, and HarmonyOS) spanning both mobile and desktop environments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest study of its kind in this domain. By analyzing the distribution of OS defects across multiple classification dimensions, including the OS layer where defects occur, the functions they affect, how they are triggered, their severity, and the code elements involved in their repair, as well as performing joint analysis between dimensions and cross-OS similarity comparisons, we summarize several major findings that contribute to a comprehensive understanding of OS defects across systems. Based on these findings, we provide a series of actionable implications for better OS defect detection and debugging, offering guidelines for future research aimed at improving OS quality assurance.
