AI 中文总结
本研究对比了ADM与ALM在三种大气条件下的风电场模拟结果，发现ADM可复现ALM的功率与推力波动统计特性，为ADM的应用提供了支持。
AI 中文摘要
致动器盘模型（ADM）广泛应用于风电场模拟，但其复现功率与推力时间波动统计特性的准确性，尚未与更精确、详细的致动器线模型（ALM）预测结果进行对比。本研究在三种不同大气条件下对这类模型的预测结果展开详细对比，数据来自JHTDB-Wind数据库，该数据库包含小型风电场完整昼夜周期大涡模拟得到的致动器线涡轮响应及时间分辨流场数据。从昼夜周期内三个时间窗口中，基于盘平均速度信号构建对应ADM的功率与推力时间序列，并与更详细的致动器线信号进行对比。分析内容包括时间序列、功率谱密度、波动概率密度分布及增量概率密度分布。结果显示，ADM时间序列在已解析和盘平均流场时间尺度（即慢于转子频率）下，能够复现ALM值的主要时间、频谱及统计特征；研究还考察了常应用于ADM输入的时间滤波的影响。总体而言，研究结果为ADM在风电场模拟中预测功率与推力波动统计特性的应用提供了有力支持。
英文摘要
Actuator-disk models (ADM) are widely used in wind-farm simulations, but their accuracy in reproducing power and thrust temporal fluctuation statistics has not yet been compared to the more accurate and detailed predictions of actuator-line models (ALM). This work provides a detailed comparison of such model predictions under three distinct atmospheric conditions. Data is obtained from a database (JHTDB-Wind) containing actuator-line turbine-response and time-resolved flow field data from a large-eddy simulation of a small windfarm operating over a full diurnal cycle. Power and thrust time series corresponding to ADM are constructed from disk-averaged velocity signals and compared with the corresponding more detailed actuator-line signals over three temporal windows within the diurnal cycle. The analysis compares time series, power spectral densities, and both the fluctuation and increment probability density distributions. The results show that the ADM time-series capture the dominant temporal, spectral, and statistical features of the ALM values at resolved and disk-averaged flow-field time scales, i.e. slower than the rotor frequency. Effects of temporal filtering that are often applied to ADM inputs are examined. Overall, the results provide strong support for the use of ADM for predicting power and thrust fluctuation statistics in wind-farm simulations.
