涌现暗能量模型的比较研究
A comparative study of emergent dark energy models
中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究将曲率项纳入多种涌现暗能量模型，利用多类天文观测数据开展比较分析，通过信息准则判定PEDE模型为最优候选，同时发现可变曲率模型是唯一符合DESI近邻宇宙减速相结果的模型。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
动力学方程中包含双曲正切函数的晚期（涌现）暗能量模型因形式简洁、有望解决哈勃张力问题，且在部分情况下与暗能量光谱仪（Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument，DESI）结果一致而取得成功。研究最多的模型包括唯象涌现暗能量模型（Phenomenological Emergent Dark Energy Models，PEDE）、广义涌现暗能量模型（General Emergent Dark Energy Models，GEDE）、可变曲率模型以及级联暗能量模型。本研究的目标是在模型中纳入曲率项，并利用多种数据样本开展稳健的比较研究，具体涉及宇宙计时钟、Ia型超新星、DESI-DR1的重子声学振荡以及宇宙微波背景辐射数据。本研究给出了宇宙年龄、减速参数、有效状态方程参数$w_{eff}$的重构结果、红移转变值，以及各模型自由参数的最佳拟合值。我们通过赤池信息准则（Akaike Information Criterion）和贝叶斯信息准则（Bayesian Information Criterion）得到的证据表明，PEDE模型是最优候选模型。不过，可变曲率模型是唯一在$z=0$附近呈现减速相的模型，这与DESI的结果一致。
英文摘要
Late (emergent) dark energy models that involve a hyperbolic tangent in their dynamic equations have achieved success due to their simplicity, the possibility of resolving the Hubble tension, and, in some cases their consistency with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) results. Among the most studied are the Phenomenological and General Emergent Dark Energy Models (PEDE and GEDE, respectively), the variable curvature model, and the graduated dark energy model. Our goal is to include the curvature term in the models and perform a robust comparative study using diverse data samples, in particular, Cosmic Chronometers, Type Ia supernovae, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from DESI-DR1, and Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation. This study presents the Universe age, the deceleration, the $w_{eff}$ parameter reconstruction, the redshift transition, and the best fit for the free parameters of each model. Our collected evidence from Akaike Information Criterion and Bayesian Information Criterion indicates that the best candidate is the PEDE model. Nevertheless, the variable-curvature model is the only model that exhibits a decelerated phase near $z=0$, consistent with the results from DESI.
