AI 中文总结
本研究对比半单举深度非弹性散射中QED辐射效应的传统与因子化方法，明确差异来源，提出混合框架以可靠提取部分子信息。
AI 中文摘要
轻子的半单举深度非弹性散射（SIDIS）是探测核子三维动量空间部分子结构的重要工具。从SIDIS数据中可靠提取固有共线或横向动量依赖部分子分布，需要仔细处理超出玻恩近似的QED辐射效应。本研究采用两种方法对SIDIS中的QED效应进行详细对比分析：一种是经电子结构函数方法增强的传统Bardin-Shumeiko方法，另一种是将QED与QCD辐射同等处理的较新因子化方法。我们对比了这两种方法针对质子产生非极化π⁺电生产截面，以及Collins和Sivers横向单自旋不对称性的解析与数值结果，明确了计算间差异的来源，其中在杰斐逊实验室、HERMES和EIC运动学区，截面的差异分别可达约2%、约7%和约5%。为了从未来的SIDIS测量中可靠提取部分子信息，我们提出了一种混合框架，在各自适用区域采用两种框架的显著特征。
英文摘要
Semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) of leptons is a vital tool for probing the three-dimensional momentum space partonic structure of the nucleon. Reliable extraction of the intrinsic collinear or transverse momentum dependent parton distributions from SIDIS data requires careful treatment of QED radiative effects beyond the Born level. In this work we perform a detailed comparative analysis of QED effects in SIDIS using the traditional Bardin-Shumeiko approach, augmented by the electron structure function method, and a more recent factorized approach that treats QED and QCD radiation on equal footing. We compare analytical and numerical results of these approaches for the unpolarized $π^+$ electroproduction cross sections off the proton and the Collins and Sivers transverse single-spin asymmetries, and identify the sources of discrepancies between the calculations, which for the cross sections can reach up to $\approx 2\%$, $\approx 7\%$, and $\approx 5\%$ at Jefferson Lab, HERMES, and EIC kinematics, respectively. To provide a unified approach for reliably extracting partonic information from future SIDIS measurements, we propose a hybrid framework that employs the salient features of both frameworks in their respective regions of applicability.
Comments26 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
