AI 中文总结
本文通过引入准精确可解模型研究铁电体语境下的量子双阱系统对称性破缺问题，定义量子顺电 regime，识别无需隧穿的量子铁电 regime，提出量子耗散顺电性 regime，明确对称性破缺需额外耦合。
AI 中文摘要
具有双阱有效势的量子系统是否会发生自发对称性破缺，不仅取决于势场，还取决于动力学特性及与额外自由度的耦合。本文引入一个准精确可解模型，在铁电体语境下研究该问题，所得结果适用于一大类量子相变。利用解析解，本文给出量子顺电 regime 的严格定义，并识别出一种独特的量子铁电 regime，其中无需隧穿特征即可实现对称性破缺。随后本文表明，无法仅从序参量哈密顿量推断显式对称性破缺，而需额外耦合。这使本文识别出量子耗散顺电性 regime，在该 regime 中，即使双阱结构主导零点量子涨落，系统向基态演化过程中可观测的对称性破缺仍会被抑制。
英文摘要
Whether a quantum system with a double-well effective potential undergoes spontaneous symmetry breaking depends not only on the potential landscape but also on the kinetics and the coupling with additional degrees of freedom. Here we introduce a quasi-exactly solvable model to study this problem in the context of ferroelectrics, with results that apply to a broad class of quantum phase transitions. Exploiting the analytical solutions, we provide a strict definition of the quantum paraelectric regime and identify a distinct quantum ferroelectric regime in which symmetry breaking can be realized without tunneling features. We then show that explicit symmetry breaking cannot be inferred from the order-parameter Hamiltonian alone, but requires additional couplings. This leads us to identify a regime of \emph{quantum dissipative paraelectricity}, in which observable symmetry breaking is suppressed during the evolution toward the ground state, even when the double-well structure dominates over zero-point quantum fluctuations.
Comments5 + 1 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
