AI 中文总结
本研究针对介观尺度Dicke模型，通过大N分析确定相干与耗散不动点，开发纳入主导无关修正的统一介观标度框架，验证Kibble-Zurek标度并阐明有限尺寸、耗散与速率的竞争机制，建立了适用于长程相互作用介观系统的临界标度统一框架。
AI 中文摘要
Dicke模型是集体光物质物理和超辐射相变的范式体系。然而在实验可及的介观尺寸下提取临界指数颇具挑战，原因在于全对全耦合下关联时间缓慢发散，以及光子损耗驱动的交叉行为会进入不同的耗散普适类。本文开展大N分析，确定了闭合和开放Dicke模型对应的不同相干与耗散不动点，随后开发了统一的介观标度框架，该框架纳入了主导无关修正，且超越静态和谱探针，将渐变动力学纳入同一标度描述。此框架可恢复对应临界指数、验证Kibble-Zurek标度，并阐明有限尺寸、耗散和速率在渐变动力学中的竞争机制。因此，本研究为解决闭合和开放量子系统的静态与动力学临界标度问题建立了统一框架，对具有长程相互作用的介观系统具有更广泛的适用性。
英文摘要
The Dicke model is a paradigmatic setting for collective light-matter physics and the superradiant phase transition. Yet extracting the critical exponents is challenging at experimentally accessible mesoscopic sizes, due to the slow divergence of the correlation time under all-to-all coupling and a photon-loss-driven crossover to a distinct dissipative universality class. Here, we perform a large-$N$ analysis that identifies distinct coherent and dissipative fixed points for the closed and open Dicke models. We then develop a unified mesoscopic scaling framework that incorporates the leading irrelevant correction and, going beyond static and spectral probes, brings ramping dynamics under the same scaling description. It recovers the corresponding exponents, verifies Kibble-Zurek scaling, and clarifies how finite size, dissipation, and speed compete in the ramping dynamics. Our work thus establishes a unified framework for resolving static and dynamical critical scaling in closed and open quantum systems, with broader applicability to mesoscopic systems with long-range interactions.
Comments9 pages, 5 figures
