AI 中文总结
该研究针对近岸海事通信，构建了考虑海面粗糙度的随机几何分析框架，推导了覆盖概率与速率表达式，揭示了海况相关的可靠性-容量权衡，为海事网络性能分析提供了模型支撑。
AI 中文摘要
近岸海事无线通信的准确性能分析对确保稳健可靠的运行至关重要。然而，现有分析模型常依赖过于简化的传播假设，如完全光滑的海面，无法捕捉海事信道的全部动态特性。本文中，我们开发了一种基于物理原理的随机几何分析框架，以弥合这一差距。船舶的空间分布被建模为非齐次泊松点过程，以反映近港的实际密度。我们通过从经典瑞利准则推导新的反射系数，取代理想化的光滑海面假设，该系数明确将路径损耗与有效波高关联起来。将这种感知粗糙度的信道模型整合到随机几何框架中，我们推导了上行链路覆盖概率和平均遍历速率的新解析表达式，首次实现了这种动态条件下聚合干扰的易处理表征。分析揭示了依赖海况的可靠性-容量权衡：粗糙度引起的相干镜面反射衰减可抑制破坏性干扰零点，提升面向可靠性的覆盖性能，同时降低高信干比（SINR）和平均速率性能。现有测量支持潜在的粗糙度敏感反射机制，但在粗糙海况下的甚高频（VHF）直接验证仍不可用；因此，相应的粗糙海面结果被解释为基于模型的预测。跨频率消融实验进一步证实了粗糙度效应的波长依赖性，表明必须针对工作频率评估反射系数。
英文摘要
Accurate performance analysis for near-shore maritime wireless communication is essential for ensuring robust and reliable operations. However, existing analytical models often rely on oversimplified propagation assumptions, such as a perfectly smooth sea surface, which fail to capture the full dynamics of the maritime channel. In this paper, we develop a physically grounded analytical framework using stochastic geometry that bridges this gap. The spatial distribution of vessels is modeled as a non-homogeneous Poisson point process to reflect realistic near-port densities. We replace the idealized smooth-sea assumption by deriving a novel reflection coefficient from the classical Rayleigh criterion, which explicitly links the path loss to the significant wave height. Integrating this roughness-aware channel model into the stochastic geometry framework, we derive new analytical expressions for the uplink coverage probability and average ergodic rate, providing the first tractable characterization of aggregate interference under such dynamic conditions. The analysis reveals a sea-state-dependent reliability--capacity trade-off: roughness-induced attenuation of the coherent specular reflection can suppress destructive-interference nulls and improve reliability-oriented coverage, while reducing high-SINR and average-rate performance. Available measurements support the underlying roughness-sensitive reflection mechanism, but direct VHF validation under rough sea conditions remains unavailable; the corresponding rough-sea results are therefore interpreted as model-based predictions. A cross-frequency ablation further confirms the wavelength dependence of the roughness effect and shows that the reflection coefficient must be evaluated for the operating frequency.
Comments17 pages, 13figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Communications
DOI：10.1109/TCOMM.2026.3726762
