将正念建立在具身实体之上：面向人机交互设计的范围综述与理论框架
Grounding Mindfulness in Embodied Tangibles: A Scoping Review & Theoretical Framework for HCI Design
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究通过对65项正念实体设备的HCI范围综述，提出基于S-ART框架的理论及ESE、ESA模型，为HCI中正念技术的设计、评估及未来研究提供原则性基础。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
具身实体设备正越来越多地用于支持冥想、瑜伽及日常活动中的正念实践。然而，现有人机交互（HCI）研究缺乏连贯的理论基础，以解释此类系统如何支持不同的正念过程与结果。首先，我们基于正念的作用机制，对HCI中用于正念的实体设备（共65项）开展范围综述并报告研究发现。综述发现，多数系统主要针对注意力调节与身体觉知，而情绪调节及自我视角转变的探索相对不足。此外，用于评估实体系统对正念相关结果有效性的评估方法零散，且缺乏理论支撑。基于这些发现，我们提出了一个基于自我觉知、自我调节与自我超越（S-ART）框架的理论框架，以解释实体系统如何支持不同形式的正念实践。在该框架内，我们提出两个互补模型：（1）针对专注注意力冥想（FAM）的具身感官扩展（ESE）模型，（2）针对开放监测冥想（OMM）的具身感官锚定（ESA）模型。总体而言，我们展示了该框架如何为HCI领域的实体正念技术提供解释设计、生成假设及评估的原则性基础，同时指出未来研究的关键缺口。
英文摘要
Embodied and tangible devices are increasingly used to support mindfulness practices across meditation, yoga, and everyday routines. However, existing HCI research lacks a coherent theoretical foundation for explaining how such systems support distinct mindfulness processes and outcomes. First, we report findings from a scoping review of tangible devices (n=65) for mindfulness in HCI based on the mechanisms of action of mindfulness. The review found that most systems primarily target attentional regulation and body awareness, while emotion regulation and change in perspective on the self remain comparatively underexplored. Also, the evaluation methods used to assess the effectiveness of tangible systems for mindfulness-related outcomes were found to be fragmented and weakly grounded in theory. Building on these findings, a theoretical framework grounded in the Self-Awareness, Self-Regulation, and Self-Transcendence (S-ART) framework is proposed to explain how tangible systems support different forms of mindfulness practice. Within the framework, we present two complementary models: (1) Embodied Sensory Expansion (ESE) for focused-attention meditation (FAM) and (2) Embodied Sensory Anchoring (ESA) for open-monitoring meditation (OMM). Together, we show how this framework can provide a principled basis for explaining designs, generating hypotheses, and evaluating tangible mindfulness technologies in HCI, while highlighting key gaps for future research.
