AI 中文总结
研究发现此前安静的脉冲星PSR J1637−4642存在三次自转突跳，结合观测数据与贝叶斯建模支持超流体突跳范式，证实安静脉冲星也有显著突跳活动。
AI 中文摘要
我们报告了年轻脉冲星PSR J1637−4642中三次自转突跳（glitch）的发现与分析结果。计时观测覆盖2009年2月19日至2024年10月6日（MJD 54881−60589），数据来自帕克斯天文台的Murriyang射电望远镜。第一次也是最强的一次突跳发生在MJD 58352附近，其频率变化的分数为Δν/ν ~ 2.7×10⁻⁶；另外两次较小的突跳分别在MJD 59443和MJD 60445被探测到，对应的分数变化分别为2.2×10⁻⁹和2.8×10⁻⁸。在此之前，该脉冲星自帕克斯多波束巡天发现以来，从未表现出突跳活动。仅第一次突跳呈现出可探测的指数恢复，其衰减时标约为100天，恢复分数约为0.015，同时伴随自转减慢率的大小发生永久性增加。在涡旋蠕变框架内，通过贝叶斯推理对突跳后的ν̇演化进行建模，得到超流体惯性矩分数约为0.0187，与内壳层超流体的预期值一致。这些结果进一步支持了标准的超流体突跳范式，并表明即使是“安静”的脉冲星也可能存在显著的突跳活动。
英文摘要
We present the discovery and analysis of three rotational glitches in the young pulsar PSR J1637$-$4642. The timing observations span from 19 February 2009 to 6 October 2024 (MJD 54881$-$60589) from the Murriyang radio telescope of the Parkes Observatory. The first and strongest glitch occurred around MJD 58352 with a fractional frequency change of $Δν/ν\sim 2.7 \times 10^{-6}$, while two additional smaller glitches were detected at MJD 59443 and MJD 60445 with fractional changes of $2.2 \times 10^{-9}$ and $2.8 \times 10^{-8}$, respectively. Prior to this, the pulsar had shown no glitch activity since its discovery in the Parkes Multibeam survey. Only the first glitch exhibits detectable exponential recovery, with a decay timescale of $\sim$100 days and a small recovery fraction $\approx 0.015$, accompanied by a permanent increase in the magnitude of the spin-down rate. Modeling the post-glitch evolution of $\dotν$ within the vortex-creep framework using Bayesian inference gives a superfluid moment-of-inertia fraction $\approx 0.0187$, consistent with the inner-crust superfluid. These results reinforce the standard superfluid glitch paradigm and demonstrate that even ``quiet'' pulsars can still host substantial glitch activity.
Comments13 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ (2026)
