基于盖亚（Gaia）与兹威基瞬变巡天（ZTF）的短周期蓝致密双星候选体系统搜寻
A Systematic Gaia--ZTF Search for Short-Period Blue Compact-Binary Candidates
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本研究结合Gaia与ZTF数据，经多步骤筛选识别出147个短周期蓝致密双星候选体，重点公布优先观测的白矮星轨迹候选体并发布完整星表，为引力波相关研究提供样本。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
我们公布了包含147个短周期（10.34至106.46分钟）蓝致密双星候选体的星表，这些候选体是通过结合盖亚DR3的天体测量与测光数据、ZTF DR23的光变曲线，经盖亚筛选、周期搜索及机器学习形态学排序识别得到的。其中111个候选体此前未被归类为致密双星。多波段数据（DESI DR1、GALEX、AllWISE）显示该样本具有异质性：在盖亚色-星等图上，52个源位于白矮星轨迹，69个位于热亚矮星区域，26个处于中间状态。在26个拥有DESI光谱的源中，仅约三分之一符合白矮星冷却序列；其余为光度更高的蓝星，其低分辨率光谱与白矮星类似。我们重点列出了新发现的白矮星轨迹候选体的优先子集以供后续研究，其中包括10个周期低于40分钟的候选体，且均无现有径向速度数据。在标准双星假设下，这些新发现的白矮星轨迹候选体中有17个将超过采用的LISA信噪比阈值（其中以距离37秒差距的白矮星为先导），该数量取决于啁啾质量：当啁啾质量为0.15倍太阳质量时为9个，0.3倍太阳质量时为17个，0.6倍太阳质量时为21个，且假设存在轨道调制。然而，对于大多数白矮星轨迹样本，观测到的调制幅度比任何合理的椭球信号高3至5个数量级，这意味着旋转的磁单白矮星或化学不均匀单白矮星是可行的替代解释，而仅靠ZTF测光无法排除这种可能性——该星表中至少包含一个已确认的此类案例。我们发布了完整的147源星表，包含周期、盖亚/光谱分类、谐波/椭球诊断结果，以及标准引力波估计值和紫外-红外测光的补充表。
英文摘要
We present a catalog of 147 short-period (10.34--106.46~min) blue compact-binary candidates, identified by combining Gaia DR3 astrometry and photometry with ZTF DR23 light curves via a Gaia selection, period searches, and machine-learning morphology ranking. Of these, 111 lack prior compact-binary classifications. Multiwavelength data (DESI DR1, GALEX, AllWISE) reveal a heterogeneous sample: on the Gaia colour--magnitude diagram, 52 sources lie on the white-dwarf locus, 69 in the hot-subdwarf region, and 26 are intermediate. Among 26 sources with DESI spectra, only about one third follow the white-dwarf cooling sequence; the rest are more luminous blue stars with white-dwarf-like low-resolution spectra. We highlight a prioritized subset of new white-dwarf-locus candidates for follow-up, including ten with periods below 40~min and none with existing radial-velocity data. Under fiducial binary assumptions, 17 of these newly identified white-dwarf-locus candidates would exceed the adopted LISA signal-to-noise threshold (led by a 37~pc white dwarf), with the count depending on chirp mass (9 for $0.15\,M_\odot$, 17 for $0.3\,M_\odot$, 21 for $0.6\,M_\odot$), assuming orbital modulation. However, for most of the white-dwarf-locus sample, observed modulation amplitudes exceed any plausible ellipsoidal signal by three to five orders of magnitude, implying that rotating magnetic or chemically inhomogeneous single white dwarfs offer a viable alternative that ZTF photometry alone cannot rule out---the catalog includes at least one confirmed case. We release the full 147-source catalog, including periods, Gaia/spectroscopic classifications, harmonic/ellipsoidal diagnostics, and supplementary tables of fiducial GW estimates and UV--IR photometry.
