AI 中文总结
该研究针对复杂非厄米散射系统，利用散射矩阵构造费舍尔信息算子，提出离散反馈回路协议以测量参数变化，实现能量聚焦，相关方法在时间反演对称性破缺时仍有效。
AI 中文摘要
具有高度多重散射和干涉的复杂非厄米散射系统常被视为黑箱，仅通过给定频率或能量下的一组入射波与出射波的关系来描述。描述该系统的散射矩阵S是一个非唯一、通常为次幺正的矩阵，几乎无法揭示导致观测到的散射的微观过程。我们利用S对系统某一可变参数x（与局域扰动相关）的导数，构造了厄米矩阵费舍尔信息算子$F_x$，并通过实验证明，仅利用散射矩阵的信息，$F_x$的主特征向量可用于定量测量参数x的数值变化。我们提出了一种由费舍尔信息算子所获知识支撑的“离散反馈回路”协议，该协议可反复确定必要的反扰动，以将可变参数恢复至某一固定基准值。我们还展示了费舍尔信息算子在能量聚焦中的另一应用，该应用利用主特征向量激发，通过复杂系统内靶向的有力间接证据得以验证。实验证明，即使存在因吸收和/或散射互易性损失导致的时间反演对称性破缺，这些方法依然有效。
英文摘要
A complex, non-Hermitian scattering system with a high degree of multiple scattering and interference is often treated as a black box, described simply by the relationship between a set of incoming and outgoing waves of a given frequency or energy. The scattering matrix S that describes the system is a non-unique, generally sub-unitary matrix that reveals very little about the microscopic processes that are responsible for the observed scattering. We form the Fisher information operator $F_x$, a Hermitian matrix, utilizing a derivative of S with respect to the value of some varying parameter x of the system, associated with a localized perturbation, and experimentally demonstrate that the principal eigenvector of Fx can be used to quantitatively measure changes in the value of parameter x using only information from the scattering matrix. We propose a "discrete feedback loop" protocol enabled by the knowledge we gain from the Fisher information operator, that repeatedly determines the counter perturbation necessary to return a varying parameter to some fixed benchmark value. A further application of the Fisher information operator for energy focusing that utilizes the principal eigenvector excitation is demonstrated through compelling indirect evidence of targeting within a complex system. These methods are experimentally demonstrated to work even in the presence of time-reversal symmetry breaking due to absorption and/or loss of scattering reciprocity.
Comments5 Pages Main Text, 2 Appendix sections, 5 Figures, Submitted to PRL
