共存极限环之间的激活切换
Activated switching between coexisting limit cycles
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中文总结 AI 辅助
本文针对耦合谐振器受驱动非线性系统，实验观测到共存极限环吸引子间的激活切换，用大偏差理论描述其切换速率，扩展了激活动力学概念并建立了对应建模框架。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
噪声激活的共存稳定状态之间的切换是从化学反应到神经网络等系统中随机动力学的基础机制。虽然该现象对于平稳吸引子已被充分理解，但对于无法用静态势场描述其周期运动的极限环，相关研究仍十分有限。本文在耦合谐振器的受驱动非线性系统中，实验展示了两个共存极限环吸引子之间的激活切换。具体而言，我们引入受控涨落以直接观测两个极限环之间罕见的随机跃迁，并测量其对噪声强度和驱动强度的依赖关系。测得的切换速率可由大偏差理论很好地描述，该理论用最概然跃迁路径上的作用量替代了传统的激活势垒。我们的研究结果将激活动力学的概念从平稳吸引子扩展至极限环吸引子，并建立了用于建模受驱动耗散系统中极限环之间随机跃迁的框架。
英文摘要
Noise-activated switching between coexisting stable states is a fundamental mechanism underlying stochastic dynamics in systems ranging from chemical reactions to neural networks. While this phenomenon is well understood for stationary attractors, it remains largely unexplored for limit cycles, whose periodic motion cannot be described by a static potential landscape. Here we experimentally demonstrate activated switching between two coexisting limit-cycle attractors in a driven nonlinear system of coupled resonators. Specifically, we introduce controlled fluctuations to directly observe the rare stochastic transitions between two limit cycles and measure their dependence on noise intensity and driving strength. The measured switching rates are well described by a large-deviation theory, which replaces the conventional activation barrier by the action along the most probable transition path. Our results extend the concept of activated dynamics from stationary to limit-cycle attractors and establish a framework for modeling stochastic transitions between limit cycles in driven-dissipative systems.
