AI 中文总结
该研究在幂律长程耦合自旋-1/2系统中，发现短程与长程相互作用下量子信息传输机制不同，长程相互作用可产生更快的传输模式。
AI 中文摘要
我们在长程耦合自旋-1/2系统中确定了量子态传输的不同区域，其中自然存在的幂律相互作用能够以最少的工程设计实现快速、高保真的传输。在从有效近邻耦合到库仑相互作用的广泛相互作用范围内，我们展示了长程连通性如何从根本上改变此类系统内信息传播的机制。对于有效短程相互作用，传输遵循熟悉的弹道传输动力学：初始局域激发在集中于频谱近似线性区域的众多本征模中传播，从而实现稳健的波包运动。相反，通过降低幂律指数α（α=1-2）来增强长程相互作用会引发显著转变，初始态被限制在越来越少的本征模中，最终使动力学简化为仅对应最高本征能量的少数态的相干参与。这种频谱局域化在远距离位点之间产生了涌现的长程振荡，揭示了一种不同的——且更快的——传输机制，该机制源于长程量子相互作用的固有结构，而非源于全系统工程路径。
英文摘要
We identify different regimes of quantum state transfer in long-range coupled spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ systems, where naturally occurring power-law interactions enable rapid, high-fidelity transfer with minimal engineering. Across a broad range of interaction profiles, from effectively nearest-neighbour coupling to Coulomb interactions, we show how long-range connectivity fundamentally reshapes the mechanisms underlying information propagation within such systems. For effectively short-range interactions, transfer follows familiar ballistic transfer dynamics: an initially localised excitation spreads across many eigenmodes concentrated within the approximately linear region of the spectrum, enabling robust wavepacket motion. In contrast, increasing long-distance interactions via lowering the power-law exponent $α$ ($α=1-2$) drives a striking transformation, where the initial state becomes confined to progressively fewer eigenmodes, ultimately reducing the dynamics to the coherent participation of only a few states corresponding to the highest eigenenergies. This spectral localization gives rise to emergent long-range oscillations between distant sites, revealing a distinct -- and faster -- transfer mechanism arising from the intrinsic structure of long-range quantum interactions rather than from full-system engineering pathways.
Comments12 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
