发表机构
Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC; Sydney Astrophotonic Instrumentation Laboratories, School of Physics, The University of Sydney; Centro Astronómico Hispano en Andalucía, Observatorio de Calar Alto; Astrophotonics (innoFSPEC), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP); Institut für Physik und Astronomie, Universität Potsdam（安达卢西亚天体物理研究所; 悉尼大学物理学院悉尼天体光子学仪器实验室; 安达卢西亚西班牙天文中心卡拉阿尔托天文台; 波茨坦阿基米德天体物理研究所天体光子学部门; 波茨坦大学物理与天文学研究所）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
本研究首次演示面向天文学的多模转多模光子灯笼，其测得效率超90%，可实现高效多模光束组合，为可扩展模块化望远镜概念提供重要支撑。
AI 中文摘要
光子灯笼作为低损耗复用器件已在天文学中广泛应用，通常用于将多模输入光耦合至多个单模输出。本研究展示了首款专为将多根多模光纤的光组合至单根多模波导而设计的多模转多模光子灯笼。我们在多个波长下制备并表征了该器件，以评估绝热多模传输的性能。测得效率超过90%，证明了通过灯笼结构实现的低损耗多模传输及高效模式转移。该架构可实现高效多模光束组合，为无需衍射极限注入的可扩展模块化望远镜概念迈出重要一步。
英文摘要
Photonic lanterns have been widely used in astronomy as low-loss multiplexing devices, typically coupling light from a multimode input into several single-mode outputs. In this work, we present the first multimode-to-multimode photonic lantern specifically designed to combine light from several multimode fibers into a single multimode waveguide. We fabricated and characterized the devices at multiple wavelengths to evaluate the performance of the adiabatic multimode transition. The measured efficiencies exceed $90\ \%$, demonstrating low-loss multimode propagation and efficient modal transfer through the lantern structure. This architecture enables efficient multimode beam combination and represents a significant step toward scalable modular telescope concepts without requiring diffraction-limited injection.
Comments4 pages, 4 figures
