AI 中文总结
该研究提出准模型独立的弱建模框架，用GWTC-5数据未发现GR偏差，指出第三代GW探测器可可靠检测约5%的GR偏差，O5数据无法分辨小于30%的偏差。
AI 中文摘要
利用引力波（GW）检验广义相对论（GR）时，通常依赖光度距离-红移（$d_{\rm L}-z$）关系的参数化形式，该关系在引力耦合强度随时间变化的替代引力理论中会发生修正。尽管这些参数化方法能给出严格结果，但它们涵盖的行为范围有限，可能无法代表修正引力理论的全部多样性。我们提出一种准模型独立的框架，用于重建GW与标准电磁光度距离之比相对于GR的偏差。我们发现，该方法可可靠约束该比值的单调、不规则及振荡特征，且不会对种群分布参数造成偏差。将该框架应用于GWTC-5数据，我们未发现相对于GR的偏差。我们报告，采用该方法时，类似O5的GW数据无法分辨小于30%的GR偏差；而第三代GW探测器可在3σ显著性水平下可靠检测到约5%的偏差。
英文摘要
Cosmological tests of general relativity (GR) using gravitational waves (GWs) often rely on parametrised forms of the luminosity distance-redshift ($ d_{\rm L} - z$) relation, which is modified in alternative theories of gravity where the gravitational coupling strength is time-dependent. Although they can lead to stringent results, these parametrisations encapsulate a restricted range of behaviours that may not represent the full variety of modified gravity theories. We present a quasi-model-independent framework to reconstruct deviations from GR in the ratio of the GW to standard electromagnetic luminosity distance. We find that our method can confidently constrain monotonic, irregular, and oscillatory features in the ratio, without biasing population distribution parameters. Applying our framework to GWTC-5 data, we find no deviations from GR. We report that O5-like GW data will not resolve deviations from GR smaller than 30% with our method; however, third generation GW detectors can confidently detect deviations of order 5% to 3$σ$ significance.
Comments12 pages, 7 figures, updated reference and link to repo
