AI 中文总结
本研究通过系统映射梳理出46个葡萄牙语语言模型，分析其特征、演变及关系，明确研究缺口并展望未来方向，为该领域发展提供全面概览。
AI 中文摘要
近年来，语言模型的快速发展通过广泛的应用改变了自然语言处理领域。然而，语言模型的发展在所有语言中并不均衡。就葡萄牙语而言，学术界和企业最近越来越努力开发面向葡萄牙语的语言模型并创建相关数据资源，这些努力催生了日益多样化的葡萄牙语语言模型生态系统。但关于这些模型的信息仍分散在科学出版物、技术报告、模型仓库和项目文档中。本研究对面向葡萄牙语的语言模型开展系统映射研究，全面概述该领域的现状。我们共梳理出46个模型，从多个方面对其进行特征刻画，包括基础模型、架构、计算资源、训练数据集、许可类型、代码可用性、数据及模型权重。此外，我们从系统发育视角分析了这些模型的演变及相互关系，确定了当前的研究缺口与机遇，并探讨了面向葡萄牙语的语言模型开发的未来方向。
英文摘要
In recent years, the rapid development of language models has transformed the field of Natural Language Processing through a wide range of applications. However, the development of language models has not progressed uniformly across all languages. In the case of the Portuguese language, there has recently been a growing effort by academia and companies to develop language models and create data resources for Portuguese. These efforts have resulted in the rise of an increasingly diverse ecosystem of language models for Portuguese. However, information on these models remains dispersed in scientific publications, technical reports, model repositories, and project documentation. This survey presents a systematic mapping study of language models developed for Portuguese, providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of the field. We map a total of 46 models, characterizing them by various aspects, including base model, architecture, computational resources, training datasets, licensing, code availability, data, and model weights. Furthermore, we analyzed the evolution and relationships among these models through a phylogenetic perspective, identified current research gaps and opportunities, and discussed future directions for the development of language models for Portuguese.
Comments37 pages; 7 figures; 8 tables
