非平衡电流的拓扑结构控制主动输运
Topology of Nonequilibrium Currents Controls Active Transport
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中文总结 AI 辅助
该研究揭示结构化环境中活性粒子输运路径受非平衡电流拓扑约束，通过旋转胶体实验验证原理并扩展到斯托克斯子等流场，建立微尺度输运与流体非平衡电流拓扑的关联。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
结构化环境会反复偏转活性粒子，产生无法从单个轨迹轻易推断的输运路径。本文表明，这些输运路径的大规模组织受拓扑约束支配：流体动力学散射产生非平衡电流场，其由整数指标表征的缺陷结构约束输运路径，使其对平滑扰动具有鲁棒性。该原理通过障碍物阵列中的旋转胶体得到验证，并扩展到斯托克斯子和力偶极子流，从而将微尺度输运与流体动力学产生的非平衡电流的拓扑结构关联起来。
英文摘要
Structured environments repeatedly redirect active particles, producing transport pathways that cannot be readily inferred from individual trajectories. Here, we show that the large-scale organization of these transport pathways is governed by topological constraints. Hydrodynamic scattering generates nonequilibrium current fields whose defect structure, characterized by integer indices, constrain transport pathways and renders them robust to smooth perturbations. This principle is demonstrated with rotating colloids in obstacle arrays and extended to stokeslet and force-dipole flows, thereby linking microscale transport to the topology of hydrodynamically generated nonequilibrium currents.
