分辨光子过程：献给罗希尼·戈德博尔
Resolved Photon Processes: A Tribute to Rohini Godbole
浏览论文内容
中文总结 AI 辅助
该论文介绍了分辨光子过程，即探测光子在高能下获得的强子性质的反应，这类过程主导电子对撞机的强子末态产生，但其对未来高能轻子对撞机背景的影响尚待研究。
中文摘要 AI 辅助
强子是由基本夸克和胶子组成的粒子，其强相互作用由量子色动力学（QCD）描述，例如质子和中子，它们结合形成原子核。相比之下，光子通常被认为是量子电动力学（QED）的基本力载体。然而，在量子层面，光子可以涨落为夸克-反夸克对；在足够高的能量下，这些虚夸克可通过与其他粒子（尤其是其他强子）相互作用成为真实的物理粒子，能量超过几GeV的光子因此获得强子的性质。分辨光子过程是探测这些强子性质的反应，这类过程在电子-质子和电子-正电子对撞机中常主导包括喷注（准直强子的 spray）在内的强子末态产生，其对未来高能轻子对撞机背景的影响仍知之甚少。
英文摘要
Hadrons are particles composed of elementary quarks and gluons, which have strong interactions described by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD); examples are protons and neutrons, which bind to form atomic nuclei. In contrast, photons are usually thought of as the elementary force carriers of quantum electrodynamics (QED). However, at the quantum level a photon can fluctuate into a quark antiquark pair. At sufficiently high energies these virtual quarks can become real, physical particles by interacting with other particles, in particular with other hadrons. In this way photons with energies exceeding a few GeV acquire properties of a hadron. Resolved photon processes are reactions that probe these hadronic properties. These processes often dominate the production of hadronic final states, including jets (sprays of collimated hadrons), at electron--proton and electron--positron colliders. Implications of this for backgrounds at future high--energy lepton colliders remain poorly understood.
